An enantiopure drug refers to a pharmaceutical compound that consists almost entirely of one enantiomer, which is one of two non-superimposable mirror-image forms of a chiral molecule. In many cases, drugs are chiral and can exist as two enantiomers: one may be therapeutically active while the other may be less active, inactive, or even harmful.
The Fürst-Plattner Rule is a guideline used in mineral processing, particularly in the context of determining the viability of extracting metals from ore. It specifically relates to the extraction of silver from silver-bearing ores, although its principles can sometimes be applied to other metals as well. The rule suggests that the value of the metal that can be extracted must exceed the cost of recovering it, including expenses related to mining, milling, and refining the ore.
The ligand cone angle is a concept used in coordination chemistry to describe the spatial orientation of ligands around a central metal ion in a coordination complex. It refers to the geometric representation of how ligands are arranged and the degree to which they can approach and interact with the central metal atom.
The Natta projection is a stereochemical representation used to depict the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a polymer's repeating unit, particularly in the context of polymer chemistry where stereochemistry plays a significant role. Specifically, it is often associated with the structure of isotactic polypropylene, which is a type of polypropylene where all the methyl groups (–CH3) are arranged on the same side of the polymer chain.
The Soai reaction is a notable organic chemical reaction that involves the asymmetric synthesis of prochiral β-amino alcohols via the addition of a chiral catalyst to a prochiral substrate. It was first reported by Japanese chemist Shohei Soai and his colleagues in 1995.
Stereoisomerism is a form of isomerism in which molecules have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity of atoms but differ in the three-dimensional arrangement of their atoms in space. This spatial arrangement can significantly affect the properties and reactivity of the compounds.
"Monkgomery" may refer to several different topics, but it is likely that you meant "Montgomery." Montgomery could refer to: 1. **Montgomery, Alabama**: The capital city of the state of Alabama and an important site in the American civil rights movement. It was the first capital of the Confederate States during the Civil War and is known for historical landmarks like the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.
Chiral analysis refers to the methods and techniques used to identify and separate chiral compounds, which are molecules that exist in two non-superimposable mirror-image forms, known as enantiomers. These enantiomers can have different physical and chemical properties as well as distinct biological activities, making chiral analysis particularly important in fields such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and food science.
Eclipsed conformation refers to a specific arrangement of atoms or groups in a molecule, particularly in the context of rotational conformations around a single bond. In an eclipsed conformation, the groups or atoms attached to the carbon atoms involved in the bond are positioned directly in front of each other when viewed along the axis of that bond. This contrasts with the staggered conformation, where the atoms or groups are positioned such that they alternate and minimize steric interactions.
Endo-exo isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism that occurs in certain bicyclic compounds, particularly those containing bridgehead atoms. The terms "endo" and "exo" refer to the spatial arrangement of substituents relative to the plane of the bicyclic structure. In this context: - **Endo isomer**: In the endo configuration, substituents (e.g.
A Haworth projection is a method for representing the cyclic structures of sugars (carbohydrates) in a two-dimensional form while keeping their three-dimensional stereochemistry in mind.
The Klyne–Prelog system, also known as the Klyne–Prelog priority rules, is a method for specifying and designating the absolute configuration of chiral molecules, particularly in stereochemistry. This system is often used to assign the configuration of stereocenters in organic compounds, particularly for molecules with multiple stereogenic centers.
A Newman projection is a way of visualizing the three-dimensional (3D) structure of organic molecules, particularly alkanes, in a two-dimensional (2D) format. It allows chemists to analyze the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds around a specific bond between two carbon atoms. In a Newman projection, one looks straight down the axis of a particular bond (usually a carbon-carbon bond).
Racemic acid, also known as racemic tartaric acid, is a form of tartaric acid that consists of equal amounts of its two enantiomers: D-tartaric acid and L-tartaric acid. Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring organic acid that is commonly found in grapes and used in various food and beverage applications, particularly in winemaking.
"Memento mori" is a Latin phrase that translates to "remember you must die." It is a philosophical and artistic concept that serves as a reminder of the inevitability of death. The idea encourages individuals to reflect on mortality, the transient nature of life, and the importance of living meaningfully. Historically, "memento mori" has influenced various aspects of culture, including literature, art, and religion.
Marchetti's constant, named after Italian architect and urban planner Constantino Marchetti, refers to the average daily travel time that individuals allocate to commuting. This concept posits that, regardless of technological advancements in transportation, people tend to spend approximately 60 minutes per day commuting, with this time divided between travel to and from work.
Public transport, also known as public transportation or mass transit, refers to systems of transportation that are available for use by the general public. It includes a variety of vehicles and services, such as buses, trains, subways, trams, ferries, and taxis, that operate on scheduled routes and are typically managed by government or private entities.
A crash test dummy, also known as a crash dummy or anthropomorphic test device (ATD), is a life-sized model that simulates the human body during vehicular crash testing. These dummies are used to assess the safety of vehicles and their safety features by providing data on how the human body responds to various types of collisions. Crash test dummies are equipped with various sensors and instruments that measure forces, accelerations, and other data during a crash test.