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Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to assess the mechanical properties of tissues, particularly their stiffness or elasticity. It combines magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with elastography, which is the study of the elastic properties of tissues. In MRE, mechanical waves (often generated by an external vibration source) are introduced into the tissue. These waves propagate through the tissue and are detected by MRI.

Magnetogastrography (MGG) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to study the electrical activity of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly the stomach. It involves measuring the magnetic fields generated by the electrical activities of the cells in the stomach muscles. The technique is based on the principle that when cells in the stomach contract to facilitate digestion, they generate tiny magnetic fields due to the flow of electrical currents.

Medical animation is a specialized form of animation that visually represents complex biological processes, anatomical structures, and medical concepts. These animations are used primarily in the fields of medicine, healthcare, and education to convey information in a more engaging and understandable way than traditional methods like diagrams or text. Key aspects of medical animation include: 1. **Educational Purposes**: Medical animations are often used in medical education to help students and professionals understand human anatomy, physiological processes, and the mechanisms of diseases.

Medical imaging in pregnancy refers to the various techniques used to visualize the developing fetus and monitor the health of both the mother and the baby during pregnancy. These imaging modalities are essential for assessing fetal development, diagnosing conditions, and guiding decisions related to prenatal care. Here are some common forms of medical imaging used during pregnancy: 1. **Ultrasound**: The most commonly used imaging technique during pregnancy. Ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the fetus in the womb.

Medipix is a family of radiation detection chips developed for various applications, primarily in medical imaging and scientific research. The technology was originally developed by the CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) collaboration in the late 1990s, with a focus on high-resolution and high-rate particle tracking.

Meibography is a diagnostic imaging technique used to visualize the meibomian glands located in the tarsal plates of the eyelids. These glands are responsible for producing meibum, an oily substance that is a crucial component of the tear film, helping to reduce tear evaporation and maintain ocular surface health. The procedure typically involves using specialized cameras or imaging systems, such as infrared or other forms of light, to capture images of the meibomian glands.

MicroDicom is a DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) viewer software designed for viewing and managing medical images. It is particularly acclaimed for its user-friendly interface and robust functionality. Some of its key features include: 1. **DICOM Support**: MicroDicom can open and view DICOM files, which are commonly used in medical imaging such as radiology, ultrasound, and other imaging modalities.

Molecular imaging is a multidisciplinary field that combines various imaging techniques with molecular biology to visualize, characterize, and quantify biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels within living organisms. This area of research encompasses a variety of imaging modalities, including: 1. **Positron Emission Tomography (PET)**: A nuclear medicine imaging technique that detects gamma rays emitted indirectly by a tracer, which is usually a biologically active molecule labeled with a radioactive isotope.

Multiple Scattering Low Coherence Interferometry (M SLCI) is an advanced optical measurement technique that combines principles of interferometry with the phenomenon of multiple scattering. It is particularly useful for characterizing complex media such as biological tissues, turbid fluids, and other materials where light scatters multiple times before escaping the sample.

Multiscale motion mapping is a technique used to analyze and visualize motion patterns across different spatial and temporal scales. This method is often employed in fields such as biomechanics, neuroscience, robotics, and computer vision to gain insights from complex datasets involving movement.

Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) is an advanced imaging technique that combines optical and ultrasound technologies to provide detailed information about tissue composition and physiology. This method exploits the photoacoustic effect, where light is absorbed by tissue and subsequently converted into sound waves.

Nanotomography is an advanced imaging technique that enables the three-dimensional visualization of structures at the nanometer scale. It is particularly useful in fields such as materials science, biology, and nanotechnology, where understanding the detailed internal structure of materials or biological samples is critical. The technique typically involves the use of X-ray or electron tomography, where a series of two-dimensional images are captured from various angles around a sample. These images are then reconstructed into a three-dimensional model using specialized algorithms.

Nicholas Ayache is a prominent figure in the field of medical imaging and computational medicine, particularly known for his contributions to the development of algorithms and techniques for image analysis in medical contexts. He has been involved in various research initiatives focusing on the application of mathematical and computational methods to improve medical imaging and assist in surgical planning, diagnosis, and treatment.

Non-contact thermography is a technique used to measure the temperature of an object without physical contact. It relies on the detection of infrared radiation emitted by surfaces, which typically increases with temperature. This method is widely used in various fields, including: 1. **Building Inspections**: To detect heat loss, moisture intrusion, or electrical hot spots in buildings. It can identify areas needing insulation or energy efficiency improvements.

An octreotide scan, also known as an octreotide scintigraphy or somatostatin receptor scan, is a type of nuclear medicine imaging test used to evaluate certain types of tumors, particularly neuroendocrine tumors. The procedure involves the use of a radiolabeled form of octreotide, a synthetic version of the natural hormone somatostatin, which binds to somatostatin receptors that are often overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors.

Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE) is an advanced imaging technique that combines principles of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with elastography to assess the mechanical properties of biological tissues. This technology is particularly useful in the field of medical diagnostics as it provides both structural and functional information about tissues. ### Key Features of Optical Coherence Elastography: 1. **Imaging Technique**: OCE utilizes light to derive images of tissue microstructures at very high resolutions.

Orthanc is an open-source DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) server designed for the storage, retrieval, and management of medical imaging data. It is developed to provide a lightweight, flexible, and high-performance solution for handling DICOM files and related resources. Here are some key features and characteristics of Orthanc: 1. **Open-Source**: Orthanc is available under an open-source license, allowing users to download, modify, and contribute to its development.

Orthogonal Polarization Spectral (OPS) imaging is a technique used primarily in biomedical imaging to obtain high-resolution images of biological tissues. It is particularly valuable in the visualization of microvascular structures and dynamic processes in living tissues. The key features of OPS imaging include: 1. **Polarization**: OPS imaging utilizes polarized light to enhance contrast and reduce background noise. By using two orthogonal polarization states of light, the technique can differentiate between various types of tissue structures based on their optical properties.

PI-RADS, or the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, is a standardized system used to assess and report the findings of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR) and the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR), PI-RADS aims to provide a consistent method for interpreting prostate MRI to aid in the detection and characterization of prostate cancer.

Particle-induced gamma emission (PIGE) is a nuclear analytical technique used to study the composition of materials by analyzing the gamma rays emitted when a target material is bombarded with high-energy particles, typically protons or alpha particles. The technique is based on the principle that when the high-energy particles collide with the nuclei of the atoms in the target material, they can cause nuclear reactions that result in the emission of gamma rays.