5th-century BC mathematicians

The 5th century BC was a significant period for mathematics, particularly in ancient Greece. During this time, several mathematicians made notable contributions to the field. Here are some key figures and their achievements: 1. **Pythagoras**: Although he was active earlier in the 6th century BC, Pythagoras' influence carried into the 5th century. He is best known for the Pythagorean theorem, which relates the sides of a right triangle.

Pāṇini was an ancient Indian grammarian and linguist, renowned for his work on the Sanskrit language. He is best known for his text "Ashtadhyayi," which is a comprehensive and systematic description of Sanskrit grammar. The Ashtadhyayi, which translates to "Eight Chapters," consists of about 4000 sutras (rules) that cover various aspects of Sanskrit phonetics, morphology, syntax, and semantics.