Mathematicians by century

The history of mathematics is rich and varied, with many notable mathematicians emerging in each century. Below is a list of some significant mathematicians categorized by century: ### Ancient Times - **Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia (circa 3000 BCE - 500 BCE)**: Early mathematicians worked on basic arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy; notable contributions came from civilizations like Babylon and Egypt.

The 10th century was a period rich in mathematical progress, particularly in the Islamic world, where scholars were translating and building upon the works of earlier Greek, Indian, and Persian mathematicians.

Abbo of Fleury (also known as Abbo of Fleury-sur-Loire) was a Benedictine monk and scholar who lived during the late 10th and early 11th centuries. He is best known for his writings, which include historical works and hagiographies (biographies of saints). Abbo was a significant figure in the monastic revival during this period, particularly at the Abbey of Fleury, located in present-day France.

Abu'l-Hasan al-Uqlidisi was a notable medieval Arab mathematician and astronomer, active during the 10th century. He is best known for his work in the field of mathematics, particularly in the area of arithmetic. Al-Uqlidisi is often associated with the development of the decimal system and was influential in the spread of Arabic numerals in the Islamic world and beyond.

Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi is not a widely recognized historical or contemporary figure, and the name may refer to different individuals depending on the context. However, it is commonly associated with Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of the Islamic State (ISIS) until his death in 2019. He was known for his role in establishing the ISIS caliphate and for promoting extreme interpretations of Islam.

Ahmad ibn Yusuf is not a widely recognized historical figure or term that appears in commonly known texts. However, the name could potentially refer to various individuals or contexts in Islamic history or literature, as "Ahmad" and "Yusuf" are common names in the Arabic-speaking world.

Al-Battani, also known as Albategnius, was a notable Arab astronomer, mathematician, and astronomer who lived from approximately 858 to 929 CE. He is best known for his contributions to astronomy, including his improvements to trigonometry and his work in calculating the length of the solar year. Al-Battani performed detailed observations of the stars and planets, and he made significant advances in the understanding of celestial mechanics.

Aṣ-Ṣaidanānī, often transliterated as Al-Saidanani, typically refers to a historical figure, often associated with Islamic scholarship. The name is derived from the Arabic term "Ṣaidanān," which may refer to related places or origins connected to the individual in scholarly or religious contexts. In Islamic history, names often signify lineage or geographical connections, leading to a variety of figures bearing similar names, which can include scholars, jurists, or poets.

Bashar ibn Shu'aib is a notable figure in Islamic tradition, primarily recognized for his role as a companion of the Prophet Muhammad. He is often referenced in Islamic historical texts and is known for his contributions to the early Muslim community. Specific details about his life, including his biography and achievements, may vary across different sources.

Ibn Yunus, also known as Ibn Yunus al-Misri, was a prominent Islamic astronomer and mathematician from Egypt who lived during the 10th century, specifically from around 950 to 1009 CE. He is best known for his contributions to astronomy and for his work in timekeeping and the measurement of celestial bodies. One of his major accomplishments was the creation of the "Zij," an astronomical table that included data on the positions of various celestial bodies.

Joseph of Spain, also known as Joseph Bonaparte, was the older brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was appointed King of Spain by Napoleon from 1808 to 1813 during the Peninsular War, following the French invasion of Spain. His reign was marked by resistance from Spanish patriots and widespread unpopularity, as many Spaniards opposed French rule.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, "Lupitus of Barcelona" does not appear to be a widely recognized term or entity. It's possible that it could refer to a specific event, organization, product, or cultural reference that has emerged after that date. Alternatively, it might be an obscure term or a typographical error for something else.

Mohammed ibn Abdun al-Jabali, often referred to simply as Ibn Abdun, was a prominent figure from the 12th century in Muslim Spain (Al-Andalus). He is best known as a scholar and a jurist, particularly associated with the Maliki school of Islamic jurisprudence. Historically, he is recognized for his contributions to Islamic legal thought and his role in the cultural and intellectual life of Al-Andalus during a time of significant philosophical and scholarly activity.

Notker Labeo, also known as Notker of St. Gall, was a Benedictine monk, theologian, and scholar who lived in the 9th century (around 840–912 AD). He is most well-known for his contributions to the development of Latin literary culture during the Carolingian Renaissance, particularly through his works on grammar, rhetoric, and poetry.

Pope Sylvester II, born Gerbert of Aurillac around 946, was a notable Pope who served from 999 to 1003. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to education and the introduction of new scientific ideas in medieval Europe. Gerbert was a scholar, who studied in Spain, where he was influenced by the Arabic scholarly tradition, particularly in mathematics and astronomy. As pope, Sylvester II was known for his efforts to reform the Church and improve its administration.

The 11th century was a period during which significant advancements in mathematics occurred, particularly in the Islamic world, as well as in Europe. Here are some noteworthy mathematicians and their contributions during this time: 1. **Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780–850)**: Although he lived earlier than the 11th century, his works were influential well into the 11th century. Al-Khwarizmi is often referred to as the "father of algebra.

Abu al-Fadl ibn Hasdai (also known as Abu al-Fadl al-Hasdai) was a prominent Jewish figure in medieval Spain, specifically during the time of the Caliphate of Córdoba in the 10th century. He is most notably recognized as a physician and a scholar.

Al-Zarqali, also known as Azarquiel, was a prominent 11th-century astronomer, mathematician, and instrument maker from Al-Andalus, which is present-day Spain. He is best known for his contributions to astronomy, particularly for his work on the astrolabe and for creating astronomical tables that were highly regarded in both the Islamic world and Europe.

Franco of Liège refers to a historical and cultural festival held in Liège, Belgium. This event celebrates the rich cultural heritage of the Walloon region, which includes music, gastronomy, and various forms of art. The festival also highlights the importance of the Franco-German culture in the region and often features performances by local and international artists.

Garlandus Compotista, often referred to simply as Compotista, is a historical figure believed to have been a 13th-century scholar or cleric. He is notably associated with the early development of mathematical texts related to astronomy and the calculation of time, particularly calendar systems and the management of timekeeping.

Hermann of Reichenau (1013–1054) was a German Benedictine monk, composer, and scholar, known for his contributions to various fields, including music, astronomy, and hagiography. He was a member of the Reichenau Abbey located on an island in Lake Constance, which was a significant center of learning during the Middle Ages.

Ibn Mu'adh al-Jayyani, also known as Abu Al-Qasim al-Jayyani, was an important figure in Islamic history, particularly noted for his contributions to the fields of astronomy and mathematics during the medieval period. His exact dates of birth and death are not well-documented, but he is often associated with the Islamic Golden Age, a time when science, literature, and culture flourished in the Muslim world.

Muhammad al-Baghdadi, often referred to as Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, was the leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) from 2010 until his death in 2019. He played a key role in the transformation of the group from an insurgency in Iraq to a terrorist organization that gained significant territory in Iraq and Syria, declaring a caliphate in 2014.

Said al-Andalusi, also known as Abū al-Qāsim Saʿīd ibn Ḥusayn al-Andalusi, was a notable figure in medieval Islamic scholarship, particularly in the context of Al-Andalus (the Muslim-ruled territories in what is now Spain and Portugal). He was born around the year 1029 and passed away around 1070. Al-Andalusi was renowned as a philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician.

Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud was a prominent historical figure who served as a king of the Taifa of Zaragoza in the early 11th century. He belonged to the Hudid dynasty, which ruled over parts of present-day northeastern Spain during the period of the taifa kingdoms, a time when the Iberian Peninsula was fragmented into various small Muslim-ruled kingdoms following the collapse of the Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba.

The 12th century was a significant period for the development of mathematics, particularly in Europe, as it marked the beginning of the Western Renaissance in science and learning. During this time, several mathematicians and scholars contributed to the field, often through the translation and dissemination of works from the Islamic Golden Age and ancient Greek texts. Some noteworthy figures and developments in 12th-century mathematics include: 1. **Gerard of Cremona**: An influential translator, Gerard of Cremona (c.

Abu Bakr al-Hassar is not a widely recognized figure or term in historical or contemporary contexts as of my last training cut-off in October 2023. It is possible that the name may refer to a lesser-known individual, a local figure, or a topic that hasn't garnered significant attention in mainstream media or academic discourse.

Herman of Carinthia (circa 1115–circa 1170) was a significant figure in the field of translation during the 12th century, known for his work of translating various works from Arabic into Latin. He is often associated with the intellectual revival that took place during the medieval period, especially in the context of the transmission of knowledge from the Islamic world to Europe.

Hiyya al-Daudi is a term that refers to a practice among certain Jewish communities, particularly among those of North African origin, such as Moroccan Jews. It is associated with the preparation and consumption of a dish known as "Hiyya," which is made from fish, often served during festive occasions or special events. The dish is often accompanied by various spices and ingredients to enhance its flavor.

Ibn al-Yasamin, also known as Ibn al-Yasamin al-Masri, is a notable figure in the field of Arabic literature and Sufi mysticism. He is best known for his poetry and contributions to Arabic literary traditions. The term "Ibn al-Yasamin" itself translates to "Son of the Jasmine," a name that may symbolize beauty and spiritual purity.

Ismail al-Jazari was a notable Muslim polymath, inventor, engineer, and scholar who lived during the Islamic Golden Age, specifically in the 12th century (approximately 1136–1206). He is most famous for his book "Kitab al-Jami' bayn al-'Ilm wa-l-'Amal al-Nafi' fi Sina'at al-Hiyal" (The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices), written in 1206.

Jabir ibn Aflah (also known as Jabr ibn Aflah) was a notable Arab mathematician and astronomer of the medieval period, particularly active during the 12th century. He is best known for his influential work on mathematics and geometry, particularly in relation to surveying and the construction of tools for astronomical observations. Jabir's most significant contribution was his writings on the application of mathematics to practical problems, most notably in areas like geometry and trigonometry.

Kirik the Novgorodian is a figure from medieval Russian literature and folklore, emerging primarily from the historical and cultural milieu of Novgorod, a significant trade center and republic in medieval Russia. Kirik is often depicted as a clever, resourceful, and sometimes trickster-like character, reflecting the cultural values and social dynamics of the time.

The 13th century was a period of significant mathematical development, particularly in Europe and the Islamic world. Here are some key mathematicians and contributions from that time: 1. **Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci)**: Although he was born in the late 12th century (c.

Ahmad ibn Munim al-Abdari, also known simply as Ibn Munim al-Abdari, was a notable figure in the realm of Islamic scholarship, particularly known for his contributions to the study of hadith (the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad). He belonged to the 13th century and hailed from the region of Al-Andalus, present-day Spain.

Ibn al-Ha'im al-Ishbili, also known as Abu Muhammad al-Ha'im al-Ishbili, was a notable figure in the field of medicine and pharmacy during the medieval period, particularly in the Islamic Golden Age. He is primarily recognized for his contributions to pharmacology and his work on medical texts.

Johannes de Sacrobosco, also known as John of Holywood, was a medieval scholar and mathematician, best known for his work on mathematics and astronomy. He was likely born around 1195 and died around 1256. Sacrobosco is often associated with the University of Paris, where he taught and wrote.

Judah ben Solomon ha-Kohen, also known by the name Judah ha-Kohen or simply Judah ben Solomon, was a notable figure in Jewish history, particularly recognized for his contributions in the fields of philosophy, poetry, and religious leadership during the medieval period. He lived in the late 12th and early 13th centuries, and is often associated with the Jewish communities in Spain.

Muhyi al-Din al-Maghribi, often referred to simply as al-Maghribi, was a notable Islamic scholar and polymath from the medieval period, particularly associated with the field of mathematics and astronomy. His full name is more typically given as Muhyi al-Din Abu Abdullah al-Maghribi. He is particularly known for his contributions to the development of trigonometry and for his works in mathematics that bridge the Islamic and European scholarly traditions.

Ramon Llull (c. 1232–1315) was a significant philosopher, logician, and missionary from the Mediterranean island of Mallorca, which was then part of the Kingdom of Majorca. He is often considered one of the earliest proponents of logic and a pioneer of computational systems.

"Vitello" can refer to different things depending on the context: 1. **Culinary Term**: In Italian cuisine, "vitello" means "veal," which is the meat of young cattle. It is commonly used in various dishes across Italy, such as "vitello tonnato," which is veal served with a creamy tuna sauce.

The term "14th-century mathematicians" refers to individuals who made contributions to mathematics during the 1300s, a period characterized by the development of new mathematical concepts and the revival of interest in ancient Greek and Arabic mathematics. During this time, notable mathematicians emerged, especially in Europe and the Islamic world. Some key mathematicians from the 14th century include: 1. **Nicole Oresme (c.

Al-Qalqashandi, whose full name is **Abu al-ʿAbbas Ahmad ibn Ali al-Qalqashandi**, was an influential Arab historian and polymath who lived during the late 14th and early 15th centuries (circa 1355 – 1418).

Isaac ibn al-Ahdab was a notable figure in the Jewish intellectual tradition of the medieval period, particularly known for his contributions to biblical exegesis and Jewish philosophy. He lived in the 12th century in the Islamic world, likely in Spain, during a time when Jewish scholarship flourished. His most recognized work includes a commentary on the Hebrew Bible, specifically addressing important theological and interpretative questions.

Ya'ish ibn Ibrahim al-Umawi was a notable figure during the Umayyad period in early Islamic history. He is primarily recognized for his role in the Umayyad dynasty, which ruled from 661 to 750 CE. The Umayyad dynasty is known for its expansive empire, which stretched from Spain to India, and for its complex social, cultural, and political developments.

The 15th century was a significant period for mathematics, particularly because it was part of the broader Renaissance movement, which saw a revival of interest in science and learning. Here are some key mathematicians and developments from the 15th century: 1. **Fibonacci (Leonardo of Pisa, c. 1170-1250)**: Although he lived earlier than the 15th century, Fibonacci’s work laid important foundations for later mathematicians.

Abu'l-Hasan ibn Ali al-Qalasadi was a notable figure from the 15th century, primarily recognized for his contributions to the fields of mathematics and astronomy. He was born in 1412 in the city of Qalasād, which is located in present-day Spain. Al-Qalasadi is particularly renowned for his work in the development of trigonometry and the use of astronomical instruments.

Ibn Ghazi al-Miknasi refers to a Moroccan scholar and historian from the 17th century, known for his contributions to Islamic scholarship, particularly in the areas of history, geography, and literature. His full name is Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ghazi al-Miknasi.

Ibn al-Majdi, also known as Al-Majdi, refers to the prominent Arab astronomer and mathematician, Ahmad ibn al-Majdi, who lived in the 15th century (circa 1440-1500) in the region that is now Oman. He is well-known for his contributions to astronomy and navigation, particularly in the context of the Indian Ocean.

John Cantius is a name associated with a Roman Catholic church, known formally as St. John Cantius Church, located in Chicago, Illinois. The church is renowned for its traditional liturgical practices and has a reputation for promoting the classical form of the Roman Rite. St. John Cantius Church is named after St. John Cantius, a 15th-century Polish priest and scholar known for his devotion to education and the Catholic faith.

John Chortasmenos was a notable Byzantine scholar and philosopher who lived during the late 14th and early 15th centuries. He is best known for his contributions to the field of philosophy and education, especially within the context of the Byzantine Renaissance. Chortasmenos was also an important figure in the preservation and transmission of classical Greek thought. He is often associated with the teaching of Aristotle and other classical philosophers, integrating their works into the curriculum of his time.

John Vitéz, also known as János Vitéz, was a Hungarian prelate and cleric who lived during the 15th century. He was notably the Bishop of Veszprém and later the Archbishop of Esztergom, which was one of the most important ecclesiastical positions in Hungary at the time.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, I am not aware of any notable individual or concept known as "Joseph Parsi." It's possible that this name could refer to a private individual or has emerged in news or popular culture after that date.

Mordecai Comtino does not appear to be a widely recognized term, figure, or concept within historical, academic, or popular contexts up until my last update in October 2023. It's possible that it could be a name from a specific niche, a fictional character, or a lesser-known historical figure, but there is no prominent information available about it in general discourse.

Moses Botarel Farissol, also known as Moisés Botarel Farissol, was a Jewish scholar and philosopher in the 14th century, often associated with the Jewish community in Spain. He is known for his contributions to Jewish thought, especially in the context of medieval Jewish philosophy. Farissol's work is notable for its synthesis of Jewish tradition and the philosophical ideas of the time, including influences from both Arabic philosophy and Christian thought.

Paul of Middelburg (also known as Paulus de Middelburg) was a Dutch philosopher, theologian, and humanist who lived during the Renaissance period. Born around 1480 in Middelburg, he is often recognized for his contributions to the fields of philosophy, theology, and the study of arts and sciences. He was notably a proponent of the humanist movement and was involved in the theological debates of his time.

The 16th century was a significant period in the history of mathematics, marked by the transition from medieval to modern mathematical thinking. Several mathematicians played key roles in the development of mathematical concepts during this time.

Guðbrandur Þorláksson (c. 1540 – 1627) was an important figure in Icelandic history, primarily known for his contributions to education and the Lutheran Church during the Reformation. He served as the Bishop of Skálholt from 1571 until his death in 1627. One of his significant achievements was the promotion of literacy and the establishment of schools, as well as his efforts to translate and publish religious texts in Icelandic.

Ibn Hamza al-Maghribi, also known as Ibn Hamza al-Maqdisi, is a historical figure often associated with the medieval Islamic scholarship and culture. His full name is Abu al-Qasim Abdullah ibn Hamza al-Maghribi. He is remembered primarily for his contributions to the fields of astronomy, mathematics, and philosophy during the Islamic Golden Age.

Joachim Sterck van Ringelbergh (also spelled as Ringelberch) was a notable figure from the 16th century, primarily known as a Dutch poet and humanist. He was born in 1544 and became associated with the court of William of Orange during a time of significant political and religious turmoil in the Netherlands.

Matrakçı Nasuh (1480-1564) was an influential Ottoman Turkish architect, historian, and miniaturist, renowned for his contributions to the fields of cartography and military architecture. He is perhaps best known for his detailed maps and illustrations, which played a significant role in the documentation and understanding of the Ottoman Empire and its geographical territories during the 16th century.

Moses Zuriel does not appear to be a widely recognized figure or concept based on information available up to October 2023. It's possible that he could be a private individual, a lesser-known public figure, or someone relevant in specific contexts that are not covered in mainstream knowledge.

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) was a Renaissance astronomer and mathematician who is best known for formulating the heliocentric model of the universe, which posited that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun. This was a significant departure from the geocentric model that had dominated Western astronomy, which placed the Earth at the center of the universe.

The 17th century was a pivotal time in the history of mathematics, marked by significant advancements and the development of new concepts that laid the foundation for modern mathematics. Notable mathematicians from this period include: 1. **René Descartes (1596–1650)**: Often considered the father of modern philosophy and analytic geometry, Descartes developed the Cartesian coordinate system, linking algebra and geometry. His work "La Géométrie" introduced methods for expressing geometric shapes algebraically.

The 18th century was a significant period in the history of mathematics, marked by substantial developments in various branches of the field. Many mathematicians made important contributions during this time, and they laid the groundwork for future advancements.

François Daviet de Foncenex is a historical figure, known primarily for his involvement in the French military and colonial endeavors in the 18th century. He is often remembered for his roles in various military campaigns and his contributions to the French colonial presence in the Americas. There is limited detailed information available about his life and activities, but he is one of the many individuals who played a part in the complex history of French exploration and colonization.

Gelenbevi Ismail Efendi, also known as Gelenbevi Ismail or simply Ismail Efendi, was a prominent figure in the late Ottoman Empire, particularly noted for his contributions to the field of education, especially in relation to modernizing and reforming the educational system in Turkey. He is particularly associated with the title of "Gelenbevi," which refers to his origins in the town of Gelenbe in present-day Turkey.

Joseph Stepling is best known as a Polish writer and philosopher, particularly noted for his contributions to literature and thought during the 18th century. He was influenced by the Enlightenment period and engaged with various intellectual currents of his time.

The 1st century BC was a notable period for mathematics, particularly in the context of the development of mathematics in ancient Greece and Rome. While specific mathematicians from this period may not be as well-documented as those from earlier or later periods, several key figures and developments can be highlighted: 1. **Hero of Alexandria (circa 10 AD - 70 AD)**: Although technically from the 1st century AD, much of Hero's work was influenced by prior mathematicians.

Jing Fang (also known as Jin Fang or Jingfang) is a traditional Chinese medicine term that refers to a category of herbal formulations or remedies based on classical Chinese medical theory. These formulations are typically used to treat various health conditions by restoring balance and harmony in the body's energy (Qi), blood, and organ systems. In a broader context, Jing Fang can also refer to specific herbal ingredients or formulas designed to target particular imbalances or diseases.

Liu Xin (c. 50 BC – 23 AD) was a prominent Chinese scholar, historian, and astronomer during the Western Han dynasty. He is best known for his work in the field of historiography, particularly for compiling the "Historical Records" (Shiji) and expanding on earlier texts. Liu Xin made significant contributions to the study of ancient Chinese literature and history, as well as advancements in astronomy, including the development of celestial globes.

1st-century mathematicians lived during a pivotal time in the history of mathematics, primarily in regions influenced by the Roman Empire and Hellenistic culture. While there are not as many famous mathematicians from the 1st century compared to earlier periods, several notable figures and developments are significant.

21st-century mathematicians are individuals engaged in the field of mathematics during the 21st century (from the year 2001 onward). This period has seen significant advancements and diversification in mathematical research, education, and applications. Mathematicians of this century work across various fields, including pure mathematics, applied mathematics, statistics, computational mathematics, and interdisciplinary areas like data science and bioinformatics.

The 21st century has seen a significant increase in the visibility and contributions of women mathematicians in various fields of mathematics. These women have made remarkable advancements and contributed to both pure and applied mathematics, as well as fostering initiatives to encourage more female participation in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields.

"Asrat Atsedeweyn" is a concept from Ethiopian culture that translates to "the theme of human life and spirit" or "the essence of human existence." It encompasses the philosophical and spiritual beliefs surrounding what it means to be human, including concepts of life, morality, and community. In a broader context, it often reflects the values, ethics, and narratives that shape the identity and worldview of Ethiopian people.

Sediq Afghan is an Afghan-American entrepreneur known for his work in the technology sector and his involvement in various business ventures. He has gained recognition for his contributions to the development of digital platforms that facilitate communication and interactions among people, particularly in the context of Afghan culture and community. In addition to his entrepreneurial activities, Sediq Afghan has been active in promoting Afghan culture and heritage in the diaspora, and he has participated in initiatives aimed at supporting Afghan refugees and immigrants.

The 2nd century BC was a significant period for the development of mathematics, particularly in the Hellenistic world and ancient Rome. Several key mathematicians and contributions from this era include: 1. **Euclid (c. 300 BC)**: While best known for his work earlier than the 2nd century BC, Euclid's influence extended into this period.

Kātyāyana is a name associated with several figures and concepts in Indian philosophy and literature. The most notable of these include: 1. **Kātyāyana (Philosopher)**: He is known as one of the ancient Indian grammarians and is often credited with significant contributions to the field of Sanskrit grammar. He is generally considered a follower of Pāṇini, the other prominent grammarian of ancient India.

Pingala can refer to different concepts depending on the context: 1. **In Indian Classical Literature**: Pingala is often associated with ancient Indian mathematicians, particularly in connection with the earliest known work on poetry metrics in Sanskrit, called the "Chandahsastra". This text, attributed to Pingala, outlines the rules of poetic meter and includes combinatorial mathematics. It is notable for using binary numbers to describe patterns in meter.

The 2nd century was an important period for mathematics, particularly in the context of the Hellenistic tradition and the beginnings of the Roman Empire. Some key figures and developments in mathematics during this century include: 1. **Ptolemy (c. 100 – c. 170 AD)**: Though he was primarily known as an astronomer and geographer, Ptolemy made substantial contributions to mathematics, especially in trigonometry.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, there is no widely recognized entity or concept known as "Eleazar Chisma." It's possible that you might be referring to a specific individual, event, or term that has emerged more recently or is less widely known.

The 3rd century BC was a significant period for mathematics, particularly in ancient Greece and the Hellenistic world. Several key mathematicians made important contributions during this time: 1. **Euclid (c. 300 BC)**: Often referred to as the "Father of Geometry," Euclid is best known for his work "Elements," in which he systematically presented the foundational principles of geometry.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, "Sudines" does not refer to a specific, widely recognized term or concept in popular culture, science, or other fields. It might be a misspelling or a lesser-known term. Could you provide more context or clarify what you mean by "Sudines"? It could be related to a brand, a character, or something else entirely.

The 3rd century CE was a significant period for mathematics and science, particularly within the context of the Greco-Roman world. Although there were not many mathematicians known by name from this specific century, several notable developments in mathematics and related fields occurred during this time, influenced by earlier traditions as well as precursors to later developments.

The 3rd century in China was a significant period for the development of mathematics, and several key mathematicians and works emerged during this time. Here are notable highlights: 1. **Liu Hui**: A prominent mathematician active in the 3rd century, Liu Hui is best known for his work "The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art" (Jiu Zhang Suan Shu), an influential text that systematically compiles mathematical knowledge and methods of the time.

Iamblichus was a Neoplatonist philosopher who lived in the 3rd to 4th century CE, known for his significant contributions to the development of Neoplatonism. He was born in Chalcis, in what is now modern-day Syria, and was a student of Porphyry, who was a predecessor in the Neoplatonic tradition.

The 4th century BC was a significant period for mathematics, particularly in ancient Greece, where many advancements were made that laid the groundwork for future mathematical thought. Here are some notable mathematicians and contributions from that era: 1. **Euclid**: While Euclid is more commonly associated with the 3rd century BC, he was influenced by mathematicians from the 4th century. His work, particularly the "Elements," is foundational in geometry.

The term "4th-century mathematicians" typically refers to mathematicians who were active during the 4th century AD (300-399). This period is notable for several key figures in the history of mathematics and science. Here are some prominent mathematicians and contributions from that time: 1. **Diophantus**: Although he is often thought to have lived a bit later (around the 3rd century), his work influenced those in the 4th century.

Hypatia refers to a few notable subjects, primarily in history and mathematics. The most prominent reference is to Hypatia of Alexandria, a distinguished mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher from ancient Egypt (c. 360–415 AD). She was one of the first known female mathematicians and was a significant figure in the Neoplatonic school of philosophy. Hypatia was known for her work on mathematics and astronomy, including her contributions to the understanding of conic sections.

The 5th century BC was a significant period for mathematics, particularly in ancient Greece. During this time, several mathematicians made notable contributions to the field. Here are some key figures and their achievements: 1. **Pythagoras**: Although he was active earlier in the 6th century BC, Pythagoras' influence carried into the 5th century. He is best known for the Pythagorean theorem, which relates the sides of a right triangle.

Pāṇini was an ancient Indian grammarian and linguist, renowned for his work on the Sanskrit language. He is best known for his text "Ashtadhyayi," which is a comprehensive and systematic description of Sanskrit grammar. The Ashtadhyayi, which translates to "Eight Chapters," consists of about 4000 sutras (rules) that cover various aspects of Sanskrit phonetics, morphology, syntax, and semantics.

The term "5th-century mathematicians" typically refers to various mathematicians and scholars who made significant contributions to mathematics during the 5th century AD. This period is notable for advancements in mathematics, particularly in the realm of geometry and number theory, influenced by earlier Greek mathematicians. Some key figures associated with this time include: 1. **Hypatia of Alexandria (c.

Ammonius Hermiae (also known as Ammonius of Hermia) was a significant philosopher in the Neoplatonic tradition, active during the 5th century AD. He is known primarily for his work as a teacher and for his role in the development of Neoplatonism during late antiquity.

Anthemius of Tralles was a prominent Byzantine architect and engineer who lived during the 6th century AD. He is best known for his work on the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (now Istanbul), which is considered one of the greatest architectural achievements in history. Anthemius, alongside his colleague Isidore of Miletus, was responsible for the innovative design of the building, particularly its large dome and complex structural system.

The 6th century BC was a significant period in the history of mathematics, particularly in ancient Greece and India. During this time, several prominent mathematicians and philosophical thinkers made important contributions to the field. Here are a few key figures and developments from that era: ### Ancient Greece: 1. **Pythagoras (c.

The 6th century saw significant developments in mathematics, particularly in the Byzantine Empire and among Indian mathematicians. Some notable figures and contributions from this period include: 1. **Diophantus of Alexandria**: Although he lived earlier (around 200–284 AD), his work influenced later mathematicians, particularly with his "Arithmetica," which dealt with solving algebraic equations.

Boethius, full name Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, was a Roman philosopher, theologian, and statesman who lived during the early 6th century AD (circa 480-524). He is best known for his work "Consolation of Philosophy" ("Consolatio Philosophiae"), written while he was imprisoned and awaiting execution.

Cassiodorus was a Roman statesman, scholar, and monk who lived during the late Roman Empire and the early Middle Ages, roughly from 485 to 585 AD. He is best known for his contributions to the preservation of classical knowledge and for his role in the transition from the ancient world to the medieval period. Cassiodorus served as a high official in the government under the Ostrogothic king Theodoric the Great, holding various administrative posts, including that of quaestor.

Dionysius Exiguus, also known as Denis the Short, was a Scythian monk and scholar who lived in the 6th century (circa 470 – 544 AD). He is best known for his work in developing a method for calculating the date of Easter and for creating the Anno Domini (AD) dating system, which counts years from the birth of Jesus Christ.

Isidore of Miletus was a prominent ancient Greek architect and engineer, best known for his role in the design and construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul). Along with his colleague Anthemius of Tralles, Isidore contributed to the construction of this iconic cathedral, which was completed in 537 AD during the reign of Emperor Justinian I.

John Philoponus (c. 490 – c. 570 AD) was a Christian philosopher and scientist from Alexandria, Egypt. He is best known for his work in philosophy, particularly in the fields of natural philosophy and theology. Philoponus is often noted for his critiques of Aristotle's theories, especially in the areas of motion and cosmology. One of his significant contributions was his argument against the Aristotelian notion of the eternity of the world.