The Abrikosov vortex, named after the Soviet physicist Alexei Abrikosov who first described it in 1957, is a fundamental concept in the study of type-II superconductors. In these materials, when subjected to a magnetic field beyond a certain critical threshold, they can exhibit quantized magnetic flux lines known as vortices.
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An Abrikosov vortex has a core where the superconducting order parameter is suppressed, surrounding circulating electric currents, and a winding of its quantum phase. A singly wound vortex carries one superconducting flux quantum in the appropriate bulk flux-quantization limit. The exact contour statement is fluxoid and flux quantization in a superconductor; the enclosed magnetic flux alone need not equal a flux quantum on a contour with appreciable electric current.