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A physicist.[ref]
https://www.nasonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/michelson-a-a.pdf. Independent biographical identity and professional specialization
The Michelson interferometer turns a change in an optical path into a shift of interference fringes. Controlling the returning beams and counting the shifts can connect very small distances to a wavelength.
Portrait of Albert A. Michelson
. Moffett Studio; The World's Work 41 (1921), p. 420. Commons PD-US claim based on expired protection / pre-1931 publication; status outside the US may differ., via Wikimedia Commons. Source.