Alexei Abrikosov (1928-2023) was a prominent Russian-American physicist known for his significant contributions to the field of condensed matter physics, particularly in the study of superconductivity and magnetism. He is best known for his work on type-II superconductors, for which he developed a theoretical framework that described the behavior of magnetic fields in superconductors.
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Alexei Abrikosov showed how a type-II superconductor can admit magnetic flux while remaining superconducting over most of its volume. In the mixed state, circulating supercurrents surround vortex cores where the superconducting order parameter is suppressed. An array of these vortices can minimize the free energy between the lower and upper critical magnetic fields. The resulting vortex lattice explains a regime that lies between complete magnetic-field expulsion and destruction of superconductivity.[ref]
Nobel Lecture: Type-II superconductors and the vortex lattice by Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov. mixed-state solution, vortex currents and critical fields
A physicist who studied superconductivity at Argonne.[ref]
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov by Michael R. Norman and Andrey A. Varlamov. Independent professional identity
Portrait of Alexei Abrikosov (physicist)
. ANL; 10 December 2003. Public domain in the United States: U.S. Department of Energy employee work. Source usage terms, via Wikimedia Commons. Source.