EIF2, or eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, is a critical protein that plays a key role in the initiation of protein synthesis (translation) in eukaryotic cells. It is involved in the formation of the translation initiation complex, which is required for ribosomes to initiate protein synthesis at the start codon of mRNA.
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A eukaryotic initiation factor carrying initiating methionyl-tRNA in a GTP-bound ternary complex. Its alpha-subunit phosphorylation can inhibit nucleotide exchange by eIF2B and lower initiation capacity.