India's nuclear weapons program began in the 1940s and has evolved significantly over the decades. Here are some key aspects: 1. **Origins**: India's interest in nuclear technology started in the 1940s with the establishment of the Atomic Energy Commission in 1948, influenced by the desire for energy independence and security concerns.
Indian anti-nuclear weapons activists are individuals and groups within India who advocate against the development, possession, and use of nuclear weapons. These activists emerge from a variety of backgrounds, including peace organizations, political groups, students, academics, and concerned citizens. Their efforts focus on raising awareness of the dangers associated with nuclear weapons and promoting disarmament, non-proliferation, and peaceful resolutions to conflicts.
Indian nuclear weapons testing refers to the series of tests conducted by India to develop and refine its nuclear weapons program. The most significant tests occurred during the following events: 1. **Pokhran-I (1968)**: This was India's first nuclear test, also known as "Smiling Buddha." It took place on May 18, 1974, at the Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan.
India's nuclear weapons program began in the early 1970s, and the country officially declared itself a nuclear weapon state after its first successful nuclear test, known as "Smiling Buddha," in 1974. Following this test, India conducted a series of tests in 1998, known as "Operation Shakti," which confirmed its status as a nuclear power.
Credible minimum deterrence is a strategic military doctrine primarily associated with nuclear deterrence. It posits that a state can maintain national security and deter potential adversaries by possessing a relatively small, but reliable and credible nuclear arsenal. The key components of credible minimum deterrence include: 1. **Sufficient Capability**: The state must have enough nuclear weapons and delivery systems to inflict unacceptable damage on an adversary, ensuring that any attack would result in significant retaliation.
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is an agency of the Government of India responsible for the research and development of technology for use by the Indian armed forces. Established in 1958, DRDO plays a crucial role in crafting indigenous defense capabilities, which include weapon systems, technology, and equipment tailored to the needs of India's military.
India is a country in South Asia and has been recognized as a nuclear power since it conducted its first successful nuclear test in 1974, codenamed "Smiling Buddha." Since then, India has developed a variety of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), primarily focusing on nuclear weapons, but also including chemical and biological weapons to some extent, although its chemical and biological weapons capabilities are not as prominent or advanced as its nuclear program.
The Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) is an initiative by the Government of India aimed at developing a range of indigenous missile systems to enhance the country's defense capabilities. Launched in the early 1980s, the program was spearheaded by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). ### Objectives of IGMDP: 1. **Indigenous Development**: The primary goal was to reduce dependency on foreign technology and develop missile systems using Indian expertise and resources.
The K-5, also known as the K-15 or Sagarika, is a subsonic cruise missile developed by India as part of its integrated missile program. It is designed to be launched from submarines and is part of India's efforts to enhance its strategic deterrence capabilities, particularly in the context of its nuclear arsenal. The missile has a range of approximately 750 to 1,200 kilometers, depending on its configuration and payload.
The K-6 missile is a Russian air-launched cruise missile developed for use with the Kh-6 strategic bomber. It is part of Russia's arsenal of standoff weapons, designed to engage targets from a distance without exposing the launching aircraft to enemy air defenses. The missile can carry a variety of warheads, including conventional and nuclear types, enhancing its versatility in strike capabilities.
The Nuclear Command Authority (NCA) of India is the body responsible for the command, control, and operational decision-making regarding the use of nuclear weapons in the country. Established in 2003, the NCA aims to ensure that India's nuclear arsenal is deployed and maintained in a secure and reliable manner, reflecting the country's nuclear policy and strategy.
"Parmanu: The Story of Pokhran" is a 2018 Indian film directed by Abhishek Sharma. The movie is a dramatized account of India's successful nuclear tests conducted in 1998, known as Operation Shakti, at the Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. The film stars John Abraham in the lead role, along with Diana Penty and Boman Irani.
Sagarika is an Indian sub-sonic cruise missile that is primarily designed for use by the Indian Navy. It plays a crucial role in the country’s naval defense strategy, specifically focusing on enhancing the capabilities of submarine operations. Sagarika is developed to be launched from underwater platforms, which allows for stealthy and surprise attacks against surface ships and land targets. The missile has a range of approximately 300 kilometers and can carry conventional or nuclear warheads, making it a versatile weapon system.
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