Satellite navigation systems

Satellite navigation systems are systems that use satellites to provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning. These systems allow users to determine their location (latitude, longitude, and altitude) on Earth, usually to within a few meters, using a GPS receiver or a similar device. ### Key Components: 1. **Satellites**: The core of satellite navigation systems, these orbit Earth at various altitudes and transmit signals containing their location and the precise time the signal was sent.

Argos is a satellite-based system designed for data collection and environmental monitoring. Launched in 1978, it was developed by the French space agency CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales) in collaboration with NASA and several other space agencies. The primary purpose of Argos is to gather real-time data from remote locations, which is particularly useful for wildlife tracking, oceanographic studies, climate monitoring, and disaster management.

BeiDou is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) developed by China. It is named after the Big Dipper constellation (Bei Dou in Chinese), and its development is part of China's efforts to establish an independent satellite navigation capability. The BeiDou system provides accurate positioning, navigation, and timing services for users worldwide.

GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is a satellite navigation system developed by Russia. It is one of the major global navigation systems, alongside the United States' GPS (Global Positioning System), the European Union's Galileo, and China's BeiDou. Here are some key points about GLONASS: 1. **Purpose**: GLONASS provides positioning, navigation, and timing services to users around the world, including both civilian and military applications.

Galileo is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) developed by the European Union (EU) and the European Space Agency (ESA). It provides an independent and highly accurate positioning, navigation, and timing service to users worldwide. Here are some key points about Galileo: 1. **Purpose**: Galileo was created to enhance the accuracy and reliability of satellite navigation services, serving both civilian and commercial needs.

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), now officially known as NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), is an autonomous satellite navigation system developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It provides accurate positioning services to users in India and the surrounding region, extending up to 1,500 kilometers from its boundary.

Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) are systems designed to enhance the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals. GNSS, such as GPS (Global Positioning System), provide positioning information, but the signals can be affected by various factors like atmospheric conditions, multipath effects, and orbit errors. SBAS addresses these limitations to provide improved performance for applications that require more precise positioning.

DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite) is a satellite-based positioning system used primarily for precise orbit determination. It was developed by the French National Centre for Space Studies (CNES) in collaboration with various international partners. DORIS is particularly notable for its ability to provide accurate measurements of the satellites' orbits by using a network of ground beacons that transmit radio signals.

Global air traffic management (GATM) refers to the international framework and collaborative processes that ensure the safe, efficient, and orderly flow of air traffic across the globe. It encompasses a variety of systems, protocols, and technologies used to coordinate and manage the movement of aircraft in the airspace, both at various altitudes and across different regions and jurisdictions.

The Regional Positioning and Timing System (RPTS) in Turkey is an advanced satellite-based navigation system developed to provide high-precision geographic positioning and timing services. It is designed to enhance navigation accuracy beyond what is typically available from global systems like GPS. Turkey's RPTS aims to serve various applications, including transportation, agriculture, surveying, and disaster management, among others. The system can improve national security by providing independent access to positioning data that is not reliant solely on international navigation services.

"Tsikada" can refer to a few different things depending on the context: 1. **Cicada (In English)**: The term "tsikada" is derived from the Russian word for "cicada," which is an insect known for its distinctive sound produced by males during the mating season. Cicadas are found in many parts of the world and are known for their periodic life cycles.

The United Kingdom Global Navigation Satellite System (UK GNSS) is an initiative aimed at developing and maintaining a satellite navigation system that provides positioning, navigation, and timing services independent of foreign systems. The need for a UK-specific GNSS emerged from geopolitical considerations, particularly the dependency on the U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS) and the European Galileo system, which may not always be guaranteed in terms of access or reliability.