Sea level refers to the average height of the ocean's surface, which serves as a baseline for measuring elevation and depth on Earth. It is considered a reference point for various purposes, including cartography, geography, and climate science.
Managed retreat refers to a strategy used primarily in the context of climate change and environmental management, where communities and infrastructure are intentionally relocated away from areas that are increasingly vulnerable to hazards such as rising sea levels, flooding, erosion, and other climate-induced risks. Rather than attempting to hold back or protect these areas with barriers and other forms of engineering, managed retreat involves planning and implementing gradual relocation to mitigate risks, enhance safety, and preserve livelihoods.
Tide gauges are instruments used to measure the change in water level in oceans, seas, and other bodies of water over time. They play a crucial role in monitoring tides, storm surges, sea level rise, and other hydrological phenomena. Tide gauges can be classified into different types based on their measurement techniques, such as: 1. **Mechanical gauges**: Use floats and wheels to measure water levels.
The Bruun Rule is a widely used coastal engineering concept that describes the relationship between sea-level rise and the erosion of beaches and coastal ecosystems. Developed by Danish geomorphologist Per Bruun in the 1960s, the rule suggests that the coastal landward migration of the shoreline due to rising sea levels can be predicted based on the elevation of the beach and the slope of the submerged land.
The Early Holocene sea level rise refers to the significant increase in global sea levels that occurred during the early part of the Holocene epoch, which began around 11,700 years ago and lasted until about 5,000 years ago. At the end of the last Ice Age, melting glaciers and ice sheets contributed to a rapid rise in sea levels as the large volumes of water trapped in ice returned to the oceans.
East Island, also known as Mokupāpapa, is one of the islands in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, which is part of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. This remote island is largely uninhabited and is an important nesting site for seabirds and marine life. East Island is notable for its unique ecosystem and natural beauty, providing a habitat for various species.
Eustatic sea level refers to the global sea level changes that occur due to variations in the volume of water in the oceans or changes in the shape of ocean basins. This type of sea level change is caused by factors such as: 1. **Glacial and Interglacial Cycles**: During glacial periods, large amounts of water are stored in ice sheets and glaciers, leading to lower sea levels. Conversely, during interglacial periods, when ice melts, sea levels rise.
The Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) is an initiative established to monitor and understand changes in sea level across the globe. It is a component of the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO and aims to provide the scientific community and policymakers with reliable and consistent data on sea level variation. GLOSS focuses on several key areas: 1. **Data Collection**: GLOSS establishes a network of tide gauges and satellite altimetry systems for collecting sea level data.
Isle of the Dead is a small island located in Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia. It is historically significant as it was used as a cemetery for the convicts and staff of the Port Arthur penal settlement during the 19th century. The island is approximately 1.5 hectares in size and contains around 500 graves.
Meltwater Pulse 1A refers to a significant episode of sea level rise that occurred approximately 14,600 to 13,900 years ago, during the last deglaciation period, particularly at the end of the last glacial maximum. This event is characterized by a rapid rise in global sea levels due to the melting of ice sheets and glaciers. During this period, large amounts of water were released into the oceans as ice sheets in North America, Europe, and other regions melted.
Meltwater Pulse 1B refers to a significant rise in global sea levels that occurred approximately 14,600 to 12,700 years ago during the late Pleistocene epoch. It is part of a broader phenomenon known as the Meltwater Pulses, which are characterized by rapid increases in sea levels caused by the melting of ice sheets and glaciers at the end of the last Ice Age.
The National Tidal and Sea Level Facility (NTSLF) is a part of the United Kingdom's National Oceanography Centre (NOC). It is primarily responsible for monitoring and providing data related to tides and sea levels around the UK. The facility plays a crucial role in understanding and managing the impacts of sea level rise, coastal erosion, and flood risks associated with changing climate conditions.
The North West Shelf Operational Oceanographic System (NWSOOS) is an oceanographic monitoring and forecasting system designed to provide real-time data and information about ocean conditions in the North West Shelf region of Australia. This system is vital for a variety of applications, including: 1. **Maritime Safety**: Providing data to support safe navigation and operations at sea.
The Northern European Enclosure Dam is a proposed infrastructure project designed to protect Northern European countries from the effects of climate change, particularly rising sea levels and flooding associated with storm surges. The project envisions the construction of a barrier system that would enclose several countries or regions, such as the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, and potentially others, to mitigate flooding risks and protect coastal areas.
"Older Peron" does not appear to correspond to a widely recognized term, concept, or entity in popular discourse or academic literature up to my last training cut-off in October 2021. It could potentially be a misspelling or a specific reference to something that emerged after that date.
Past sea level refers to the historical fluctuations in sea level that have occurred over geological time scales and more recent history. These fluctuations are influenced by a variety of factors, including climate change, glacial and interglacial periods, tectonic activity, the volume of water in oceans and seas, and land subsidence or uplift.
The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) is an international organization that provides long-term records of mean sea level data. Established in 1933, it primarily aims to collect, disseminate, and archive historical sea level data collected from tidal gauges around the world. The PSMSL plays a crucial role in the study of sea level changes, understanding climate change impacts, and supporting research related to marine and coastal processes.
A sea-level curve is a graphical representation that shows changes in sea level over geological time. It typically depicts how sea levels have varied in response to factors like glaciation, tectonic activity, and climate change. The curve can illustrate both long-term trends (over millions of years) and short-term fluctuations (over thousands of years), and it is often constructed using data from various sources, including sediment cores, ice cores, fossil records, and geological surveys.
Sea level drop refers to a decrease in the average level of the ocean's surface relative to the land. This phenomenon can occur over varying time scales and is influenced by several factors, including: 1. **Climate Variability**: Changes in climate patterns can affect sea levels. For example, during periods of glaciation, water is stored in ice caps and glaciers, leading to lower sea levels.
Sea level rise refers to the increase in the average level of the world's oceans due to various factors, primarily driven by climate change. This phenomenon can have significant impacts on coastal environments, communities, and ecosystems. The main contributors to sea level rise include: 1. **Thermal Expansion**: As ocean water warms, it expands, contributing to rising sea levels. 2. **Melting Glaciers and Ice Sheets**: The melting of glaciers and polar ice sheets (e.g.
Sea level rise in New Zealand, like in many parts of the world, is a significant concern driven primarily by climate change and the associated melting of ice sheets and glaciers, as well as thermal expansion of seawater as it warms. In New Zealand, projections indicate that sea levels could rise by approximately 0.3 to 1.0 meters by the end of the century, depending on the level of global greenhouse gas emissions.
"Sinking cities" refers to urban areas that are experiencing significant land subsidence, leading to their gradual sinking below sea level or at a rate that increases their vulnerability to flooding and other climate-related challenges. This phenomenon can be caused by various factors, including: 1. **Natural processes**: Geographical factors such as the natural settling of sediment in river deltas or coastal areas can contribute to sinking.
Summer Haven is a small, unincorporated community located in St. Johns County, Florida. It is situated along the east coast of Florida, near the Atlantic Ocean, and is adjacent to the larger and more well-known town of St. Augustine. Summer Haven is characterized by its scenic views and natural surroundings, including beach areas and waterways. One notable feature of Summer Haven is its proximity to the Matanzas River and its unique geographical position between the ocean and river.
The UK National Tide Gauge Network (NTGN) is a system of tide gauges that are strategically placed around the coast of the United Kingdom to monitor and record changes in sea level and tidal movements. These gauges are essential for understanding coastal processes, managing navigation, and assessing the impacts of climate change and rising sea levels.
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