"Transport and the environment" refers to the relationship between transportation systems and the natural environment. It encompasses the environmental impacts of various modes of transportation, including road, rail, air, and maritime transport. Key aspects of this relationship are: 1. **Air Pollution**: Transportation contributes significantly to air quality issues, emitting pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Aviation and the environment encompass a wide range of issues related to the impact of air travel and aircraft operations on the natural world. As the aviation industry has grown, concerns have emerged regarding its environmental footprint, which includes: 1. **Greenhouse Gas Emissions**: Commercial aircraft emit carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (e.g., nitrogen oxides, water vapor) at high altitudes, contributing to global warming and climate change.
Open-streets events, also known as open streets or open road events, are community activities that temporarily close certain streets to motor vehicle traffic. The primary aim is to create a safe and accessible environment for pedestrians, cyclists, and other non-motorized forms of transportation. These events often promote physical activity, community engagement, and public health.
Shipping, often referred to as maritime transport, is a crucial component of global trade and logistics, responsible for moving goods across oceans and waterways. However, it has significant environmental impacts that have garnered increasing attention. Here are some key aspects of shipping and its relationship with the environment: ### Environmental Impacts of Shipping 1.
"Species endangered by roads" refers to various organisms that face threats to their survival due to road construction, traffic, and the associated impacts of road infrastructure. Roads can fragment habitats, create barriers to animal movement, and increase the risk of vehicle collisions with wildlife. Some specific examples of species that are particularly affected include: 1. **Amphibians and Reptiles**: Many frog and turtle species are vulnerable because they often need to cross roads during migration or nesting.
Vehicle emission controls refer to the technologies, systems, and regulations implemented to reduce the amount of harmful pollutants released into the atmosphere from motor vehicles. These controls aim to minimize the environmental impact of transportation and improve air quality. Here are some key components of vehicle emission controls: 1. **Engine Design**: Modern engines are designed for better fuel efficiency and lower emissions. This includes advancements in combustion processes and materials that withstand higher temperatures.
Vehicle recycling is the process of dismantling and repurposing old, damaged, or end-of-life vehicles to recover valuable materials and components. This process is crucial for reducing waste and minimizing environmental impact. Here are the key steps involved in vehicle recycling: 1. **Collection**: End-of-life vehicles (ELVs) are collected from various sources, including individuals, salvage yards, and automotive dealerships.
The 2013 Chapramari Forest train accident was a tragic railway incident that occurred on July 26, 2013, in West Bengal, India. The accident involved the collision of the Sealdah-bound Rashtriya Sarkar Express with a herd of elephants in the Chapramari Forest area, which is known for its wildlife and natural beauty. As a result of the collision, several elephants were killed, and there were reports of injuries among the passengers on the train.
Atmosfair is a non-profit organization based in Germany that focuses on climate protection by promoting sustainable travel and carbon offsetting. It aims to mitigate the impact of air travel on climate change by allowing travelers to calculate the carbon emissions associated with their flights and to offset those emissions through donations to various climate protection projects. The organization supports initiatives that promote renewable energy, energy efficiency, and emission reduction in developing countries.
Commuting refers to the process of traveling from one's home to a place of work or study and back again. This journey can involve various modes of transportation, including driving a car, taking public transit (buses, trains, subways), biking, or walking. Commuting is a common part of daily life for many individuals, especially those who live in urban areas and work in different locations.
The environmental effects of transport encompass a wide range of impacts stemming from various modes of transportation, including road vehicles, rail, air travel, and shipping. These effects can be categorized into several key areas: 1. **Air Pollution**: Transportation is a significant source of air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
The environmental effects of transport in Australia are multifaceted and can be understood through various lenses, including air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, habitat destruction, noise pollution, and biodiversity loss. Here’s a detailed overview: ### 1. **Greenhouse Gas Emissions** - **Carbon Footprint**: The transport sector is a significant contributor to Australia's greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for about 18-20% of the total emissions.
The GREET model, which stands for "Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation," is a tool developed by the Argonne National Laboratory in the United States. It is used to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with various transportation fuels and vehicles. The model incorporates a comprehensive lifecycle approach, considering: 1. **Feedstock Extraction and Production**: This includes the assessment of the environmental impacts of raw materials used to produce fuels (e.g.
Make Cars Green is an initiative that focuses on promoting environmental sustainability in the automotive industry. It aims to encourage manufacturers to produce greener vehicles and to advocate for policies that support environmental standards and practices in car production and usage. The initiative typically emphasizes the importance of reducing carbon emissions, improving fuel efficiency, and promoting the development and adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles.
Mobility transition refers to the ongoing transformation in how people and goods move within and between urban and rural areas, influenced by technological, social, environmental, and economic changes. This transition encompasses various aspects, including: 1. **Sustainability**: A shift towards more sustainable modes of transportation, such as electric vehicles, public transit, cycling, and walking, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels.
"New car smell" refers to the distinct, often pleasant odor that is noticeable in a newly manufactured vehicle. This scent is the result of various materials used in the car's construction, including plastics, textiles, leather, adhesives, and other chemical compounds. When a car is built, many of these materials emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as they off-gas—this process can release various scents.
Non-exhaust emissions refer to pollutants released into the environment that are not a result of fuel combustion but arise from other processes related to the use of vehicles, particularly those with internal combustion engines. These emissions can be attributed to a variety of sources, including: 1. **Tire Wear**: As tires wear down, tiny particles are released into the air. These particles can contribute to particulate matter pollution.
The "road-effect zone" refers to the area surrounding a road where various ecological impacts occur due to road infrastructure and traffic. These impacts can affect wildlife, plant communities, and overall ecosystem function. The road-effect zone can extend several meters to kilometers away from the road, depending on factors such as traffic volume, road type, and local environmental conditions.
"Roadkill" generally refers to animals that have been struck and killed by vehicles on roads or highways. It can also denote the remains of these animals found along the roadside. The term is often used in discussions about wildlife conservation, road safety, and environmental impact, particularly concerning the effects of roads on local animal populations. In a cultural context, "Roadkill" may also refer to various media, including movies, music, and video games, often using the term metaphorically or for shock value.
Slippery rail refers to a condition in which the rail surface becomes more difficult for train wheels to grip, leading to reduced traction. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including the accumulation of moisture, ice, snow, or leaves on the rails. Additionally, certain types of rail maintenance or wear can also create a slippery surface. When rails are slippery, it can significantly impact the performance and safety of trains.
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