William James (1842–1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the development of modern psychology and philosophy. He is best known for his contributions to pragmatism, a philosophical movement that evaluates theories and beliefs based on their practical applications and consequences. James was also a prominent advocate of functionalism in psychology, emphasizing the importance of understanding mental processes in their practical context.
"Works by William James" refers to the various writings, lectures, and philosophical essays produced by the influential American philosopher and psychologist William James (1842-1910). He is known for his contributions to pragmatism, functional psychology, and philosophy of religion. Some of his most notable works include: 1. **The Principles of Psychology (1890)** - A foundational text in psychology that explores topics such as perception, consciousness, and habit.
The American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR) is an organization founded in 1885 that is dedicated to the investigation of paranormal phenomena, including psychical research and the study of topics such as telepathy, clairvoyance, mediumship, and survival after death. The organization aims to explore and understand experiences and phenomena that fall outside the scope of conventional scientific methodologies. The ASPR conducts research, publishes findings, and holds events to promote discussion and analysis of parapsychological experiences.
The term "Declaration of Reasonable Doubt" is not widely recognized as a formal legal document or established concept within the field of law. However, it could refer to the principle of "reasonable doubt" that is fundamental in criminal law. In the context of criminal trials, "reasonable doubt" refers to the standard of proof required for a conviction. It means that if there is any reasonable doubt in the mind of a juror regarding the guilt of the accused, they must acquit.
Fideism is a philosophical and theological viewpoint that emphasizes faith as the primary basis for knowledge and belief, particularly in matters of religion. It posits that certain truths, especially those pertaining to God and religious doctrine, can be known only through faith and not through reason, empirical evidence, or rational argumentation.
Functional psychology, often referred to as functionalism, is a school of thought in psychology that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a reaction to structuralism. While structuralism focused on breaking down mental processes into their most basic components—essentially analyzing the "structure" of the mind—functionalism emphasized understanding the purpose and function of mental processes and behaviors in helping individuals adapt to their environments.
The James–Lange theory is a psychological theory of emotion that proposes that emotions arise from physiological responses to external stimuli. According to this theory, an event causes physiological changes in the body, and it is the perception of these changes that constitutes the experience of emotion. In other words, the sequence of events according to the James–Lange theory is as follows: 1. An external stimulus (like seeing a bear) triggers a physiological response (such as increased heart rate and sweating).
Pragmatism is a philosophical approach that evaluates theories or beliefs in terms of their practical applications and consequences. It emerged in the late 19th century, primarily in the United States, with key figures such as Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey contributing to its development.
"The Metaphysical Club" is a book written by philosopher and historian Louis Menand, published in 2001. The book explores the development of American philosophical thought in the late 19th century, focusing on the lives and ideas of prominent figures associated with pragmatism, particularly William James, John Dewey, and Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
Theistic finitism is a philosophical position that combines elements of theism and finitism. In general terms, finitism is a view in mathematics and philosophy that holds that only finite mathematical objects and concepts are meaningful or existent. This contrasts with infinities, which finitists reject as having no genuine existence or utility. When paired with theism, theistic finitism posits that a finite God exists who is involved with the world in a meaningful way.
The William James Lectures are a series of lectures established at Harvard University in honor of the American philosopher and psychologist William James. Initiated in 1906, these lectures are typically given by prominent scholars and thinkers in the fields of psychology, philosophy, and related disciplines. The lectures are intended to explore topics related to the themes and ideas that were central to James's work, such as the nature of consciousness, the philosophy of mind, and the intersection of psychology and philosophy.
The William James Society is an organization dedicated to the study and promotion of the life and work of William James, the American philosopher and psychologist known for his contributions to pragmatism, functional psychology, and philosophical thought. The society aims to foster scholarly research, facilitate discussions among scholars, students, and enthusiasts of James's work, and organize events such as conferences, lectures, and publications related to his philosophy and influence.
Articles by others on the same topic
There are currently no matching articles.