Hair-shaft invasion, endothrix versus ectothrix, clinical variants and mycological investigation.

Introduction and Etiology: scutula, scarring and fungal nomenclature.

Histology; Special stains; Differential diagnosis, including eczema and psoriasis.

Clinical features and diagnosis, hair involvement and microscopy with culture.

Histology: Malassezia yeasts and short hyphae in the stratum corneum.

B 39, issue 3.2 (October 2025). Microscopy and specimen types; direct preparations, culture and their limitations.

Testing, treatment, complications and prevention.

Clinical features, treatment and prevention; evidence is insufficient that antimicrobial therapy prevents PSGN.

Indian Medical Gazette 1(11), 1 November 1866, pp. 336–337. Report signed with initials A. S. J.; no full identity is inferred. The historical heading uses Anœsthesia. Individual interventions and outcome do not establish comparative efficacy.

Immune globulin; control of spasms; airway, wound and antimicrobial management; vaccination during recovery.

Purulent skin and soft tissue infections; furuncles and carbuncles; cultures, incision and drainage and adjunctive antibiotics.

Original memoir by Louis Pasteur, communicated in 1857 and printed in 1858; available here in the collected works, volume II, pp. 3–13. §II gives inoculation and growth experiments and contrasts the rival chemical theory.

Original memoir by Louis Pasteur; atmospheric particles, boiled liquids, curved-neck flasks and the spontaneous-generation controversy.

Contemporary book by Félix Archimède Pouchet, published by J. B. Baillière in Paris, defending spontaneous generation.

Original analyses in Robert Mortimer Glover's On the Pathology and Treatment of Scrofula, reproduced as quoted primary passages in the contemporary article Dr. Glover on Scrofula. Inspected reproduction: printed pp. 516–517, explicitly locating the first quoted original analysis at book p. 73. It supports solvent fractionation, protein-rich residue, mineral salts and variation between lesions. The entire original book was not inspected; therapeutic and etiological beliefs in the surrounding review are not endorsed.

Current institutional guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cited sections: Bacteriologic examination, nucleic acid amplification and culture. Used only for the modern distinction between chemical composition and infectious diagnosis, not as an 1866 laboratory procedure.

Guidance on organic contamination, germicide consumption and contact duration.

Original memoir by Louis Pasteur, Annales scientifiques de l’École Normale Supérieure, first series, volume 1, pages 113–158. DOI: doi.org/10.24033/asens.4. The numbered sections discuss acetification, the surface growth and experimental conditions.

Original article: www.numdam.org/article/ASENS_1864_1_1__113_0.pdf

Fact sheet, 30 January 2025, transmission and life cycle: infected copepods swallowed in water. This explanatory life cycle is not attributed to the 1865 candidate.