Author manuscript dated 23 February 2001, with bylines Helena R. Lourenço, Olivier C. Martin and Thomas Stützle. Sections 2–3 describe the modular iterated local search framework. Section 3.3 and Table 3 compare acceptance rules and random restarts for the travelling salesman problem; Table 3 specifies ten runs and 120 seconds on a Pentium 266 MHz PC.

Primary implementation documentation: class description, closed-form cosine learning rate schedule, T_max parameter and explicit note distinguishing the implementation without restarts from SGDR. The example advances the schedule after training and validation.

Institutional alumni profile, full name and 2017/2019 publication lists identify the SGDR and AdamW coauthor. Portrait image link is ml.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/wp-content/uploads/people/ilya.png . Direct image reader returned cache miss; identity association verified on the profile. Personal site timed out, so no current employment inferred.

Institutional author profile, research/short-biography and publications sections. Identity and research on automated algorithm design; profile portrait links to ml.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/wp-content/uploads/people/frank_high_res.jpg . No personal dates inferred and no changing office-holder claim required.

ICLR 2017, primary manuscript version 5 (3 May 2017). Full byline verified on page 1. Section 3, page 4, equation 5: cosine learning-rate schedule and retention of current parameters at restart. PDF arxiv.org/pdf/1608.03983v5 . Only optimization mechanism used, no biological application or universal benchmark guarantee.

Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 36, 267–306 (2009), DOI 10.1613/jair.2861. Author-deposited manuscript uploaded in 2014, not a 2014 first-publication claim. Primary title/byline and abstract: target-algorithm settings, local search and adaptive capping of evaluation time.

Additional locators: §2, Definition1, printed pp.270–271; §3, Procedures1–3, printed pp.273–277; §§4.1.1–4.1.2, printed p.278, trajectory-preserving and aggressive adaptive capping.

Primary kernel-interface documentation, §2 Types and visuals (packed pixels, padding and formats); §3 Screen information, fb_fix_screeninfo.line_length in bytes; §4 Format configuration. Related primary introduction docs.kernel.org/fb/framebuffer.html §§0–1 describes graphics-memory access. Documentation distinguishes recommended behavior from driver variation; no API-specific promise applied to all graphics interfaces.

Original Apple Service Source manual, Macintosh: Basics, Overview; Specifications, Memory p. 2 and Sound and Video p. 6 (viewer pages 6 and 10). Covers Macintosh 128K and 512K; explicitly specifies 512×342 bitmap display. Apple support page support.apple.com/en-om/112190 has a conflicting 512×384 table row but a 512×342 note; the service manual supplies the unambiguous dimensions. No manual date inferred.

Pinned PyTorch2.15, opening statement and Controlling sources of randomness. Reproducibility is not guaranteed across releases/platforms or CPU/GPU; controlling seeds alone does not eliminate all nondeterminism. Used to distinguish exact recurrence equivalence from an environment-specific numerical restart claim.

Pinned PyTorch2.15, algorithm and introductory definition: parameter decay is a separate $\theta \leftarrow \theta -\gamma \lambda \theta$ operation, while first/second moments are updated from the data gradient. The decay does not accumulate in those gradient moments. Used only to define this implementation convention; no library runtime executed.

Primary author manuscript, version3, revised4January2019. Verified full byline on page1: Ilya Loshchilov and Frank Hutter. Section2, propositions1–2, and AppendixA distinguish SGD coefficient rescaling from inequivalence under adaptive coordinate scaling; Algorithm2 introduces AdamW. The paper's direct shrinkage factor1-lambda and the wiki's explicitly stated PyTorch1-eta*lambda convention must not be silently conflated. Only mathematical mechanisms used; no comparative benchmark claims.

Sections What is a state_dict? and Saving & Loading a General Checkpoint for Inference and/or Resuming Training: separate model and optimizer dictionaries, stored training position, restoration, and training/evaluation mode.

Primary archived About page and manual Introduction/Overview. Macintosh program, image and ROI measurements, spatial/density calibration, stacks and extensions. Overview, Images: internal8-bit unsigned data and rescaled16-bit imports; stored-value versus display convention. The body uses an explicitly stipulated linear mapping/rounding model, not a claimed exact implementation of the importer. Software authorship is separately supported by the existing Wayne Rasband project profile; no anonymous manual byline guessed.

Official project documentation. Overview: tracing, editing, visualization, scripting and applicability to filamentous structures. Metrics: Branch length and Path length are sums of internode distances; Branch contraction is endpoint Euclidean distance divided by path length. Only software representation and geometric calculations used; no biological examples or protocols.

Primary software documentation: analysis of segmented images/tracings; Sholl profiles; Segmentation requirements, foreground inversion comparison; sampled versus fitted metrics.

Additional locators: Cf. Segmentation, zero intensity as background independently of the lookup table; Parameters, Shells, center, starting/ending radii and step size.

Profile heading/identity panel names Tiago A. Ferreira and links authorship of ImageJ User Guide, SNT and Sholl Analysis.

Project biography: NIH career and retirement in 2010; Image, NIH Image (1987) and ImageJ (1997); user/developer contributions. Labeled external portrait linked by the profile.

Official Unicode CLDR Project overview, inspected3November2026. What is CLDR and How to Use: current expansion Common Locale Data & Rules; locale-sensitive dates, numbers and units; curated data, UTS35 specification and supporting code; common indirect use through internationalization libraries. Preserve the former Common Locale Data Repository ID as an adjacent alias if the project article adopts its current documented name.

Official software feature description: Java, image selections, calibrated area/mean measurements, thresholding, stacks and macros. Performance, user-count and plugin-count claims are not used. IJ1.46r User Guide is separately reused for exact menu/measurement semantics.

Primary W3C Internationalization working definitions, Localization and Internationalization sections: enabling adaptation versus carrying out adaptation; Unicode, text direction, formatting and separation of localizable material from code. No individual byline inferred.