DNA synthesis builds a DNA chain by forming phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides. In template-directed synthesis, a DNA polymerase extends a primer using deoxynucleoside triphosphates; chain extension proceeds in the to direction. DNA replication copies inherited information, while DNA repair synthesis fills material removed during repair. Chemical oligonucleotide synthesis uses different chemistry and need not rely on a polymerase or a template. [ref]
Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th edition by Bruce Alberts and others. Chapter 5, DNA Replication Mechanisms; Chapter 8, DNA synthesis and manipulation
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