Gaussian random walk spends zero density of time in bounded sets

ID: gaussian-random-walk-spends-zero-density-of-time-in-bounded-sets

For independent increments, a random walk has . If is a bounded measurable set, its occupation time probability obeys . Consequently , and Tonelli's theorem makes this series finite almost surely. Kronecker lemma then gives the displayed zero occupation density. This also shows why its empirical occupation probabilities cannot converge to a probability measure simultaneously on all bounded intervals and the whole real line: continuity from below would contradict the preserved total mass one.

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