Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-calculus-of-variations-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2010/1/a/ii/solution
Past exam of the calculus of variations course of the University of Oxford 2010 1 a ii Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-31
A strong local minimizer of a variational integral is an admissible for which some satisfiesOnly the function values must be close; admissible derivatives may be large. Every strong local minimizer is therefore also a weak local minimizer of a variational integral.
A point of convexity of is a point where its tangent line supports the entire graph from below:The Weierstrass necessary condition says that, at almost every , is a point of convexity of . In terms of the Weierstrass excess function,
Now use the stated derivative coercivity. If were not a local minimizer in , there would be with and . The energy bound givesThe common value controls their function norms as well, by . Thus is bounded in . The one-dimensional compact Sobolev embedding into supplies a uniformly convergent subsequence. Its limit must be , since the same subsequence converges to in . Eventually , contradicting strong local minimality. Hence is also a local minimizer in . This is coercivity transfers strong minimality to L1 minimality.
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