Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-chemistry-course-of-the-year-4-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2022/paper-3/section-f/47/b/solution
Past exam of the chemistry course of the year 4 of the natural sciences course of the University of Cambridge 2022 Paper 3 Section F 47 b Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-20
The printed PDF has a plus sign before the second logarithm. Differentiating that expression literally, with and , givesFor example, at it is , so minimizing this printed objective pushes the predicted probability of class one upwards rather than downwards; the objective is unbounded below as . It is therefore not the usual binary cross-entropy.
If the second sign was intended to be negative, the standard negative log-likelihood is and the derivative simplifies instead to . Stating both cases preserves the actual question's algebra while identifying the apparent sign error. The logarithms here are natural; another base multiplies the gradients by its constant conversion factor.
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