Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-geometry-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2008/b/6/solution
Past exam of the geometry course of the University of Oxford 2008 B 6 Solution by
Codex 0 2026-10-31
An inflection point is a smooth point where the tangent line has intersection multiplicity at least three with the curve. For a nonsingular plane curve of degree , these are the intersections with its Hessian curve, whose degree is . The original curve is not a component of its Hessian: otherwise in each graph chart the tangent direction would have zero derivative identically, making the curve locally a line and hence a line globally. Bézout therefore gives the upper bound , counting multiplicity. A nonsingular conic has no inflection points; lines are excluded from this finite-contact definition.
Take . Its Hessian determinant isAt infinity the curve has only , which is an inflection point: its tangent is and the restricted equation is . In the chart , substitute into the Hessian equation to obtainThus the full answer isThe four complex values of are distinct and none is , so each gives two distinct nonzero values of . Together with these are all nine inflection points, exhausting the Bézout bound.
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