Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/iii/paper-115/2/b/ii/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 115 2 b ii Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Write a local frame as , its dual basis as , and set . The one-form definition gives . Repeated indices are summed. Every tensor field has a unique local expansionDefine by applying the scalar operator to its coefficient and applying to one frame factor at a time, adding all these terms. In components this isIn each term only the indicated slot is replaced. This formula is real-linear and satisfies the Leibniz rule for a tensor product: differentiating a coefficient product uses the scalar product rule, and the list of differentiated frame factors splits into the two factors' lists.
To check that it is intrinsic, write as the row of frame fields and as the column of dual fields. Change frame by , where is an invertible smooth matrix. ThenDifferentiating the inverse matrix gives ; it cancels the extra frame-change terms in the dual factors. The same cancellation in each tensor slot makes the two local formulas agree. Thus they glue to a global tensor derivation.
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