Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-options-ii-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2013/o5/a/solution

Ignoring a factor independent of the probabilities, the likelihood function is , so its log is subject to . A Lagrange multiplier gives . Summing makes .
Thus
Since all counts are positive, a zero fitted cell probability would have zero likelihood. On the interior the log-likelihood is strictly concave, so this stationary point is its unique global maximum.

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