Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-short-options-paper-shared-by-prelims-and-parts-a-and-b-of-the-physics-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2017/s12/2/1/solution

Let be the static potential and the drag coefficient, so terminal Genetic drift under force is . The probability current is only after imposing the desired relation; instead start independently from . At thermal equilibrium and detailed balance requires . Substitution yields
At 298 K with m, this gives approximately m s. The argument assumes an overdamped particle in an equilibrium thermal bath, rather than arbitrary driven diffusion.

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