Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-year-1-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2014/discrete-mathematics-continuous-mathematics-and-probability/5/c/solution

The constraint implies , so and its gradient never vanishes on the feasible set. The Lagrange multiplier equations give
Thus , , , and feasibility gives . The two stationary points and their values are
They are both global minima. Indeed, on the constraint, completing the square gives
Equality holds only at the two displayed points. There are no other constrained stationary points, and the objective is unbounded above as .

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