Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli  40

This theorem roughly states that states that for every quantum algorithm, once we reach a certain level of physical error rate small enough (where small enough is algorithm dependant), then we can perfectly error correct.

This algorithm provides the conceptual division between noisy intermediate-scale quantum era and post-NISQ.

Experiments explained by QED but not by the Dirac equation:

where:

Note that this is the sum of the:Note that the relationship between $\psi$ and $F$ is not explicit. However, if we knew what type of particle we were talking about, e.g. electron, then the knowledge of psi would also give the charge distribution and therefore $F$

As mentioned at the beginning of Quantum Field Theory lecture notes by David Tong (2007):

TODO find/create decent answer.

I think the best answer is something along:

A basic non-precise intuition is that a good model of reality is that electrons do not "interact with one another directly via the electromagnetic field".

A better model happens to be the quantum field theory view that the electromagnetic field interacts with the photon field but not directly with itself, and then the photon field interacts with parts of the electromagnetic field further away.

The more precise statement is that the photon field is a gauge field of the electromagnetic force under local U(1) symmetry, which is described by a Lie group. TODO understand.

This idea was first applied in general relativity, where Einstein understood that the "force of gravity" can be understood just in terms of symmetry and curvature of space. This was later applied o quantum electrodynamics and the entire Standard Model.

From Video "Lorenzo Sadun on the "Yang-Mills and Mass Gap" Millennium problem":

Bibliography:

I think they are a tool to calculate the probability of different types of particle decays and particle collision outcomes. TODO Minimal example of that.

And they can be derived from a more complete quantum electrodynamics formulation via perturbation theory.

Can be used for all of quantum electrodynamics, weak interaction and quantum chromodynamics.

At Richard Feynman Quantum Electrodynamics Lecture at University of Auckland (1979), an intuitive explanation of them in termes of sum of products of propagators is given.

What they presented on richard Feynman's first seminar in 1941. Does not include quantum mechanics it seems.

TODO understand this stuff:

fafnir.phyast.pitt.edu/py3765/ Phys3765 Advanced Quantum Mechanics -- QFT-I Fall 2012 by E.S. Swanson mentions several milestone texts including:

It seems that all/almost all of them do. Quite cool.

thequantuminsider.com/2022/03/31/5-quantum-computing-companies-working-with-nv-centre-in-diamond-technology/ on The Quantum Insider

Principal investigator: Mark Buitelaar

TODO understand.