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Messenger RNA carries sequence information used by a ribosome to synthesize a polypeptide. Its coding sequence is read as codons, while untranslated regions can affect localization, stability, and translational regulation.
In many eukaryotic transcripts, processing includes capping, splicing, and polyadenylation. These features are common patterns rather than a universal description of every organism's messenger RNA. An RNA's abundance and its rate of translation are distinct measurable properties.