Power, Sex, Suicide by Nick Lane (2006)

All pages below are from the second edition from 2018. It seems that there weren't any changes in the text, the updated preface mentions

As it happens, nearly 15 years have passed since the 1st edition of Power, Sex, Suicide was published, and I am resisting the temptation to make any lame revisions. Some say that even Darwin lessened the power of his arguments in the Origin of Species through his multiple revisions, in which he dealt with criticisms and sometimes shifted his views in the wrong direction. I prefer my original to speak for itself, even if it turns out to be wrong.

This is partly addressed in the preface of the second edition from 2018.

Central thesis:

there are two sexes because of mitochondria
the acquisition of mitochondria was one of the most important steps in the evolution of eukaryotes.
There are no known eukaryotes which never had mitochondria. Having mitochondria appears to be a requisite for being an eukaryote.
Contrast this for example with multicellularity, which is highly polyphyletic.
Apoptosis is largely regulated by mitochondria
there are two main theories for how the mitochondria endosymbiosis started:
- parsitic hypothesis of mitochondrial endosymbiosis: a parasitic option rather than cooperative
- hydrogen hypothesis: a cooperative option rather than parasitic

Smaller points:

10% of our body weight (dry presumably?) is mitochondria. Also quoted at: www.nature.com/scitable/blog/student-voices/mighty_mitochondria. TODO confirm.
eukaryotes can do phatocytosis due to their cytoskeleton
paints a colorful picture of Peter Mitchell. Some Wikipedia edits are warranted!
it is hard for complex organisms to evolve because longer DNA means longer replication time
cancer is natural selection gone wrong
multicellular organisms are not utopias where every cell lives happily. Rather, they are dictatorships, where any dissident is forced to commit seppuku. Lu Xun's petition quote comes to mind.

Nitpicks:

the book calls ATP synthase "ATPase" in several points, which is confusing because -ase means "something that breaks", and in 2020 parlance, there are ATPases which actually break ATP: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATPase. The book itself acknowledges that on page 135:
The ATPase is freely reversible. Under some circumstances it can go into reverse, whereupon it splits ATP, and uses the energy released to pump protons up the drive shaft, back across the membrane against the pressure of the reservoir. In fact the very name ATPase (rather than ATP synthase) signifies this action, which was discovered first. This bizarre trait hides a deep secret of life, and we’ll return to it in a moment.

Some criticisms:

some of the later chapters are a bit more boring, like the stuff about warm-blooded animals. Perhaps is it that Ciro Santilli is more interested in the molecular aspects than macro
the author talks about some very recent research at the time. While this does highlight his expertise, some of the points mentioned might still be in a state of flow. This is acknowledged by the author himself on the 2018 updated preface however.