A function with nonnegative Laplacian on a closed manifold is locally constant

For the nonnegative Hodge Laplacian convention $\Delta f=-\mathrm{div}\mathrm{grad}f$, a smooth function on a closed manifold with $\Delta f\ge 0$ has $\int \Delta f=0$ and hence $\Delta f=0$. Integration by parts gives $\int |df{|}^2=0$, so it is constant on each connected component. Global constancy requires connectedness; boundary conditions are needed if a boundary is allowed.