Construct partial sums from alternating blocks of zero and one, with lengths . Block , beginning with , has length and value zero when is even, one when is odd. Define a series by and for ; the telescoping series identity recovers these chosen partial sums. They remain in .
At the end of odd block , the Cesàro mean is exactly . At the end of even block , it is
These two subsequences have different subsequential limits, so the series has no first-order Cesàro sum. A later block remains a substantial fraction of everything averaged so far. Boundedness alone therefore does not ensure a stable average.
Figure 1.
Periodic partial sums have a stable average, while longer alternating blocks prevent a Cesàro sum
. Original exact constructed sequences. In the left panel, repeats , giving Cesàro means tending to one. In the right panel, the partial sums alternate between blocks of zero and one whose lengths are powers of three. The horizontal axis uses the number of included partial sums. Details.

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