Chromosome segregation allocates chromosomes to the products of division. Mitosis separates sister chromatids, preserving ploidy in completed daughter cell nuclei. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes with their sister chromatids still associated, reducing diploid to haploid ploidy; meiosis II separates the sister chromatids. Only the first of the two divisions reduces the number of complete sets.[ref]
The Process of Meiosis. Biology 2e by Mary Ann Clark and others; §11.1, introduction comparing mitosis and meiosis; Telophase I and Cytokinesis; Meiosis II
For example, correct chromosome segregation of the stipulated three homologous chromosome pairs gives each meiosis I product one , one and one , each replicated. Giving one product both members and the other none would preserve the total DNA across products while failing to give each a complete set. Conservation of material alone does not prove correct chromosome segregation.
Physical association of replicated sister chromatids before their regulated separation. It supports orderly biorientation and segregation.
Attachment of one kinetochore to microtubules connected to both spindle poles. It can evade an unattached-kinetochore checkpoint signal and produce lagging chromosomes.
Attachment of sister kinetochores toward opposite spindle poles, supporting accurate allocation of sister chromatids.
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