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Strong sensitivity of a lyophobic colloid's critical coagulation concentration to counterion valence. A high-surface-potential DLVO approximation gives $c_{\mathrm{ccc}}\propto z^{-6}$; specific adsorption and charge regulation can invalidate this simple scaling.

Entry S05501, citing the 1972 colloid terminology manual, page 610. The definition establishes counterion-valence sensitivity; the sixth-power estimate additionally assumes the high-potential DLVO model.

Soft matter studies materials whose large-scale structures respond strongly to modest mechanical or thermal disturbances, including polymers, liquid crystals and colloids. Polymer physics connects chain conformations to material response; the coil-stretch transition is one example.