A crop is a plant cultivated for a useful product, such as grain, fruit, fibre or oil. The term can denote the cultivated species, a particular planting or its harvested yield. A crop's useful performance depends on both inherited traits and the environment in which it is grown.
Improved photosynthesis need not produce the same yield benefit in every field: the limiting factor may instead be water, nutrients or reproductive development. Experiments that accelerated recovery from photoprotection in tobacco measured productivity under fluctuating light, connecting a leaf mechanism to a whole-plant outcome.[ref]

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