DerSimonian–Laird estimator (${\hat{\tau }}^2=\max \{0,[Q-(m-1)]/C\}$)

For $m$ studies let $w_i=v_i^{-1}$, $W={\sum }_i{w}_i$, $C=W-{\sum }_i{w}_i^2/W$, and let $Q$ be Cochran's Q statistic. The moment estimate is ${\hat{\tau }}^2=\max \{0,[Q-(m-1)]/C\}$ when $C>0$. It estimates the variance of underlying study effects, not their sampling variance.