The dynamic modulus is the complex stress-amplitude to strain-amplitude ratio in steady oscillatory response. With the convention , the real part is the storage modulus and the imaginary part is the loss modulus. For , . The average supplied power is , fixing the loss-sign convention. The elastic coefficient is a shear or extension modulus according to the deformation measured; it is unrelated to the complex modulus meaning absolute value of a complex number.
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Dynamic modulus, often referred to in the context of materials science and engineering, is a measure of a material's stiffness or resistance to deformation under an applied load or stress, typically as a function of frequency. It is particularly relevant in the fields of pavement engineering, materials characterization, and the study of viscoelastic materials. In pavement engineering, for instance, dynamic modulus is used to characterize hot-mix asphalt (HMA) and can be an important parameter in mechanistic-empirical pavement design.