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Eigenspace decomposition of a linear involution (P±​=(I±F)/2)

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Algebra Group theory Order of a group element Involution
2026-10-05  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
Let F be a linear map on a vector space over a field of characteristic different from two, with F2=I. Then
V=ker(F−I)⊕ker(F+I),P±​=21​(I±F).
(1)
The projections satisfy P+​P−​=0 and P+​+P−​=I, giving existence and uniqueness of the decomposition. In characteristic two, the two signs coincide and the conclusion need not hold.

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  1. Involution
  2. Order of a group element
  3. Group theory
  4. Algebra
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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2017 / iii / Paper 115 / 3 / b / Solution

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