The EPR argument uses correlations of an entangled state and a locality assumption to challenge the completeness of the quantum description. Its Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen criterion of reality identifies quantities predictable with certainty without disturbing a distant system as elements of physical reality.
The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen criterion says that if one can predict a physical quantity with certainty without disturbing the system, then there is an element of physical reality corresponding to that quantity.
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The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox is a thought experiment proposed by Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen in 1935. It was intended to demonstrate what the authors considered the incompleteness of quantum mechanics. The paradox arises from the principles of quantum entanglement and raises questions about the nature of reality and the limits of quantum mechanics.