For a source in pure plume balance, and . A single ideal exhaust passes the source volume flux. Above the exhaust height, it removes unprocessed lower fluid and the filling-box first front descends at rate . Below it, processed fluid leaves and only entrained volume grows the processed region. The floor is reached in finite time if the opening is at the floor; otherwise the final approach is exponential. A finite-height aperture supporting bidirectional exchange requires a different model.
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