fluorescence correlation spectroscopy analyzes fluctuations of detected fluorescence to infer quantities such as molecular number and movement through an observation volume. Photophysical fluctuations and background must be distinguished from transport.
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Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a powerful and sensitive technique used to study the dynamics of molecules in a solution at the nanometer scale. It is based on the principles of fluorescence, where the fluctuations in the intensity of fluorescent light emitted by molecules are analyzed to extract information about their concentration, diffusion, and interactions.