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Fundamental group after attaching a Möbius band
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Mathematics
Area of mathematics
Geometry and topology
Algebraic topology
Fundamental group
Seifert-van Kampen theorem
Created
2026-09-24
Updated
2026-09-24
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A
Möbius band
retracts
to its core
circle
, and its boundary wraps twice around the core. Attaching it to
X
along
a
loop representing
w
∈
π
1
(
X
)
therefore adjoins
a
generator
x
with relation
x
2
=
w
.
Table of contents
Two Möbius bands attached to a torus
Fundamental group after attaching a Möbius band
Two Möbius bands attached to a torus
0
0
0
Fundamental group after attaching a Möbius band
Attach
Möbius bands
to
a
torus
along the classes
ab
and
a
2
b
3
. If their core generators are
x
,
y
, the resulting
presentation
is
⟨
a
,
b
,
x
,
y
∣
[
a
,
b
]
,
x
2
=
ab
,
y
2
=
a
2
b
3
⟩
.
(1)
Because the exponent
vectors
(
1
,
1
)
and
(
2
,
3
)
form
a
unimodular
basis
of
Z
2
, eliminating
a
,
b
gives
⟨
x
,
y
∣
[
x
2
,
y
2
]
=
1
⟩
.
(2)
This
group
maps
onto
S
3
by
x
↦
(
12
)
and
y
↦
(
23
)
, so it is nonabelian.
Ancestors
(7)
Seifert-van Kampen theorem
Fundamental group
Algebraic topology
Geometry and topology
Area of mathematics
Mathematics
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