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Gaussian variational bound for an attractive Gaussian well

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Area of mathematics Algebra Linear algebra Linear operator theory Rayleigh quotient Rayleigh-Ritz variational principle
Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-24  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
For
H=−dx2d2​−V0​e−x2
(1)
and the trial state ψa​(x)=e−ax2/2,
E0​≤E(a)=2a​−V0​1+aa​​.
(2)
This is negative for some a>0 for every V0​>0, proving that the attractive well has a bound state. For small V0​, taking a=V02​ gives
−V0​<E0​≤−21​V02​+O(V04​).
(3)

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  1. Rayleigh-Ritz variational principle
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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / ii / Paper 1 / 35B / b / i / Solution

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