Gilbert Walker used correlations among atmospheric observations to identify large-scale relationships, notably the opposed tropical pressure variations called the Southern Oscillation.[ref]
History of the SOI by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Walker’s correlation studies and pressure indices
The Walker circulation is named in his honour, but a pressure index and a circulation mechanism are different objects. Correlation identifies a recurring pattern; interpreting it requires the coupled physics of trade winds, ocean temperature and atmospheric motion. That distinction remains useful when a climate index is used for prediction.
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