For a unitary derived representation , its generators are anti-Hermitian. Define Hermitian observables ; then their ordinary operator commutator is . Thus real Lie algebra structure constants and Hermitian-operator commutation relations differ by an . Products in a universal enveloping algebra require one conversion factor for every generator. In particular, the abstract bilinear Pauli-Lubanski element has representation image minus the pseudovector formed from the Hermitian physical generators.
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