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Integral top homology of a compact connected surface
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Mathematics
Area of mathematics
Geometry and topology
Topology
Topological surface
2026-10-03
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For
a
compact connected
surface
S
,
H
2
(
S
;
Z
)
≅
{
Z
,
0
,
S
is closed and orientable
,
S
is nonorientable or has nonempty boundary
.
(1)
In particular, its
second
integral homology
has rank at most one.
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Topological surface
Topology
Geometry and topology
Area of mathematics
Mathematics
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(1)
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge
/
2018
/
ii
/
Paper 3
/
20H
/
c
/
Solution
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