Isidor Rabi developed molecular-beam magnetic resonance for measuring nuclear magnetic moments. Two magnetic field gradient regions focus a selected beam onto a detector, while an intervening uniform magnetic field sets the resonance frequency. An oscillating transverse magnetic field drives transitions between magnetic quantum states. On resonance, the changed states no longer follow the focused path, reducing the detected intensity. Measuring the Larmor frequency in a known magnetic field thereby replaces a small static deflection with a more precise frequency comparison.[ref]
Figure 1.
Portrait of Isidor Rabi
. Nobel Foundation; individual photographer not identified. Public domain in Sweden under the File’s Swedish-photograph rule; United States justification not verified. Source usage terms, via Wikimedia Commons. Source.

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