A theoretical condensed matter physicist who explained how topological defects can control a phase transition in two dimensions. In the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, binding or unbinding of vortex pairs changes long-distance correlations without conventional long-range order. His account connects a defect's energy and entropy to the behavior of an entire many-particle system.[ref]
Topological Defects and Phase Transitions by John Michael Kosterlitz. Nobel lecture: vortex binding, dimensionality and transition mechanism
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