Lense-Thirring precession ($\dot{\mathbf{L}}={\mathbf{\Omega }}_{\mathrm{LT}}\times \mathbf{L}$)

Lense-Thirring precession is the rotation of orbital angular momentum caused by the gravitational field of a spinning mass. In the secular weak-field picture, the precession vector is parallel to the central spin. Thus an annulus has torque proportional to ${\mathbf{J}}_h\times \delta {\mathbf{J}}_d$, perpendicular to ${\mathbf{J}}_h$. Summing such torques preserves this orthogonality even if their radial coefficients differ. Dissipation and the internal response of a warped accretion disk can supplement precession with an alignment torque.