A small regulatory RNA that guides an Argonaute-containing complex to target RNAs, influencing their stability or biological translation.
A Caenorhabditis elegans microRNA regulating developmental timing through targets including lin-14. It demonstrates developmental use of a small RNA rather than only defence against foreign sequences.
Recruitment of RNA decay machinery by a microRNA-bound effector can shorten the target poly(A) tail and reduce stability, often together with translational repression.
A mobile plant microRNA that can move from shoot to root and repress TML. Its abundance helps regulate susceptibility to rhizobial infection in Lotus japonicus.
A target altered so that a tested microRNA can no longer regulate it while preserving the relevant target function. Rescue tests should control expression level and native RNA context.
An introduced RNA designed to reproduce a mature microRNA guide activity. Delivery, dosage, unintended interactions and immune activation constrain inference from microRNA mimic experiments.
A liposomal miR-34a microRNA mimic studied in a phase 1 trial. Serious immune-related toxicity illustrates limits of inferring therapeutic safety from endogenous regulatory function.[ref]
A short guide-RNA segment important for recognition of many targets. Seed matching supports target prediction but does not establish functional regulation by itself.
A microRNA family with members inducible by p53 in appropriate contexts. Forced expression and endogenous requirement are distinct: complete family deletion did not abolish the tested p53 responses in one mouse study.[ref]
Intact p53-dependent responses in miR-34-deficient mice by Carla P. Concepcion and others. Triple-family deletion
A microRNA locus associated with the miR-15a cluster. Locus-specific genetic tests should be distinguished from perturbation of other related family members.
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