If all neutrinos are exactly massless, arbitrary unitary rotations among them preserve both their kinetic terms and their zero mass matrix. After diagonalizing the charged-lepton Yukawa matrix, choose the neutrino basis to coincide with that rotation. The resulting weak charged current has no physical lepton mixing matrix. With nondegenerate neutrino masses this extra basis freedom is lost, permitting observable neutrino oscillations and lepton mixing.

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