Neognathae

The crown-bird lineage containing Galloanserae and other living birds outside Palaeognathae. Taxonomic membership and possession of a particular mobile palate are different claims.

A sparrow is a small perching bird; the common name is applied to more than one evolutionary group. An ecological description such as seed eating should therefore be separated from a claim that every bird called a sparrow belongs to one narrow lineage.

The clade containing landfowl and waterfowl.

Waterfowl are birds of the duck, goose and swan group. Together with landfowl they form Galloanserae. Aquatic habits are common, but the evolutionary grouping is more specific than all birds that live near water.

Landfowl are birds of the chicken, pheasant and related group. They form one branch of Galloanserae, alongside waterfowl. The name identifies a lineage rather than every ground-feeding bird.