For and a finite automorphism group , the polynomialhas coefficients in the fixed field , because every element of permutes its factors.
If and , then the coefficients of generate over . Indeed, for the field generated by those coefficients, and , while the Artin fixed-field theorem gives .
Let with independent square classes and characteristic different from two, and let be generated by the automorphism negating both square roots. The two orbit polynomials are and , so their coefficients generate only , whereas
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